沥青改性稻壳基活性炭的制备及电化学性能

doi:10.7503/cjcu20170763

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以固定碳含量高、导电性好的沥青为改性剂, 通过低温混匀、中温固化的方法对稻壳基活性炭进行改性. 结果表明, 沥青与活性炭的最优质量比为1∶5, 沥青改性后的稻壳基活性炭在1 mol/L Et₄NBF₄/PC电解液中, 体积比电容由67.54 F/mL提升至84.34 F/mL. 在1 A/g电流密度下恒流充放电10000次后, 沥青改性的活性炭仍有91.52%的电容保持率, 远高于未改性活性炭的保持率(84.11%).

关键词: 改性, 稻壳基活性炭, 超级电容器, 沥青

Abstract:

Coal tar pitch with high carbon content and good conductivity were used as surface coating agents to modify rice husk-based activated carbon(RHAC) by low temperature mixing and medium temperature curing. The experimental results show that the optimum mixing mass ratio of pitch to RHAC is 1∶5, in the organic electrolyte 1 mol/L of Et₄NBF₄/PC system, the volumetric capacitance from the original 67.54 F/mL to 84.34 F/mL. The volumetric capacitance was significantly increased. In addition, in the cyclic stability test, the capacitance retention rate of pitch-coated activated carbon was 91.52%, which was higher than that of unmodified activated carbon(84.11%) after 10000 cycles at the current density of 1 A/g. This method has greatly improved the electrochemical performance of rice husk-based activated carbon, which is simple and easy, green and pollution-free, provides a feasible method for the industrial production.

Key words: Modification, Rice husk-based activated carbon, Volumetric capacitance, Pitch

中图分类号:

O646

TrendMD:

刘艳华, 金璐, 薛北辰, 郭玉鹏. 沥青改性稻壳基活性炭的制备及电化学性能. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(6): 1242.

LIU Yanhua, JIN Lu, XUE Beichen, GUO Yupeng. Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Rice Husk Based Activated Carbon Modified by Pitch^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2018, 39(6): 1242.

图/表 8

Fig.1 SEM images of P-RHAC0(A), P-RHAC4(B), P-RHAC5(C) and P-RHAC6(D)

Fig.2 XPS general scan spectra and O1s narrow scan spectra of P-RHAC0(A) and P-RHAC5(B)

Fig.3 XRD patterns(A) and Raman spectra(B) of different samplesa. P-RHAC0; b. P-RHAC4; c. P-RHAC5; d. P-RHAC6.

Fig.4 BET isotherm of P-RHAC0, P-RHAC4, P-RHAC5 and P-RHAC6

Table 1 BET specific surface area and porosity of samples*

Sample	S_BET/(m²∙g^-1)	V_total/(cm³∙g^-1)	V_meso/(cm³∙g^-1)	V_mic/(cm³∙g^-1)	D_pore/nm
P-RHAC0	1828	1.1030	0.4885	0.6148	2.237
P-RHAC4	1195	0.7551	0.3748	0.3803	2.338
P-RHAC5	1410	0.8574	0.4088	0.4486	2.260
P-RHAC6	1294	0.8053	0.3727	0.4326	2.274

Fig.5 Cyclic voltammogram curves of P-RHAC0, P-RHAC4, P-RHAC5 and P-RHAC6 at a scan rate of 5 mV/s(A), charge/discharge curves of P-RHAC5 at current density of 0.5—20 A/g(B) and specific capacitance obtained via charge/discharge measurements for P-RHAC0, P-RHAC4, P-RHAC5 and P-RHAC6(C) and stability test of P-RHAC0, P-RHAC4, P-RHAC5 and P-RHAC6 at 1 A/g for 10000 cycles(D)

Table 2 Specific capacitance of different samples

Sample	Gravimetric specific capacitance/(F∙g^-1)	Volumetric specific capacitance/(F∙mL^-1)
P-RHAC0	142.2	67.54
P-RHAC4	120.4	79.17
P-RHAC5	133.2	84.34
P-RHAC6	107.5	73.86

Fig.6 SEM images of P-RHAC0(A), P-RHAC4(B), P-RHAC5(C) and P-RHAC(D) as electrode after 10000 cycles

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