高等学校化学学报

高等学校化学学报

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渣油衍生碳载PtCoNiFeCu高熵金属间化合物催化剂用于提升质子交换膜燃料电池性能研究

李有康,陈旭,齐悦彤,李家慧   

  1. 北京化工大学化工资源有效利用全国重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-04 修回日期:2026-05-06 网络首发:2026-05-06 发布日期:2026-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 陈旭 E-mail:chenxu@mail.buct.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油化工集团公司项目（批准号：421100-2）资助

PtCoNiFeCu High-Entropy Intermetallics Supported on Petroleum Residue-Derived Carbon for Enhanced Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance

LI Youkang, LI Jiahui, QI Yuetong, CHEN Xu*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
  • Received:2026-03-04 Revised:2026-05-06 Online First:2026-05-06 Published:2026-05-06
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the China Petrochemical Corporation Project(No.421100-2)

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摘要： 本研究以渣油作为前驱体，合成了一种富含π电子的氮掺杂多孔碳载体（NPPC），并将其负载PtCoNiFeCu高熵金属间化合物（HEI）用于氧还原反应（ORR）.通过NPPC与Pt金属之间强烈的d-π相互作用，结合载体的物理限域效应，成功将高熵纳米颗粒的平均粒径严格控制在2.30 nm，极大化了活性位点的暴露.同时，该相互作用还在合金内部诱导产生了显著的压缩晶格应变（2.3%），从而优化了金属d轨道电荷分布，并调节了氧中间体的吸附能，从而极大提升了催化剂的ORR性能.实验结果表明，所制备的PtFeCoNiCuHEI/NPPC催化剂的质量活性（MA）高达2.07 A mgPt-1，约为商业Pt/C的14倍.在30k次加速耐久性测试（ADT）后，其质量活性保留率仍高达87%.此外，该催化剂在H2-air质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）中以0.1 mg cm-2的阴极铂负载量实现了1.03 W cm-2的超高峰值功率密度，且在30k圈循环后，功率损耗仅为10%.本研究为制备高活性、长寿命的质子交换膜燃料电池催化剂提供了一种简单有效的方法.

关键词: 多孔碳载体, 晶格应变, 高熵金属间化合物, 质子交换膜燃料电池

Abstract: Using petroleum residue as a precursor, this study synthesized a π-electron-rich nitrogen-doped porous carbon (NPPC) support to anchor PtCoNiFeCu high-entropy intermetallics (HEI) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Benefiting from the strong d-π interaction between NPPC and Pt, coupled with the physical confinement effect of the support, the average nanoparticle size was precisely restricted to 2.30 nm, maximizing the exposure of active sites. Concurrently, this interaction induces a significant compressive lattice strain (2.3%) within the alloy structure, optimizing the metal d-orbital charge distribution and tuning the adsorption energies of oxygen intermediates, which significantly enhances the ORR performance.Experimental results demonstrate that the as-prepared PtFeCoNiCu HEI/NPPC catalyst delivers a superior mass activity (MA) of 2.07 A mgPt-1, approximately 14-fold higher than that of commercial Pt/C. Remarkably, the catalyst retains 87% of its initial MA after 30k accelerated durability test (ADT) cycles. Furthermore, the catalyst achieves a peak power density of 1.03 W cm-2 in H2-air proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) at a low cathodic Pt loading of 0.1 mg cm-2, with a power loss of only 10% after 30k cycles.This work provides a simple and effective strategy for the development of highly active and durable catalysts for PEMFCs through strategic support engineering.

Key words: Porous carbon support; Lattice strain, High-entropy intermetallic compounds, Proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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