高等学校化学学报

高等学校化学学报

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

融合PM滤除和CO2吸附功能的聚乳酸活性纳纤膜

户书达1,2, 董丽宁3, 王存民2, 李欣雨2, 汪少振2, 李世航1,2, 张生辉3, 徐欢3   

  1. 1. 中国矿业大学碳中和研究院 2. 安全工程学院 3. 材料与物理学院
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-31 修回日期:2025-12-15 网络首发:2025-12-17 发布日期:2025-12-17
  • 通讯作者: 李世航 E-mail:shihangli@cumt.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(批准号：BK20241648)、中国博士后科学基金(批准编号：2024M763559)和国家自然科学基金(批准号：52174222，52573054)资助

Active poly(lactic acid) nanofibrous membranes for enhanced PM filtration and CO2 adsorption

HU Shuda1,2, DONG Lining3, WANG Cunmin2, LI Xinyu2, WANG Shaozhen3, LI Shihang1,2, ZHANG Shenghui3, XU Huan3   

  1. 1. Carbon Neutrality Institute 2. School of Safety Engineering 3. School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology
  • Received:2025-08-31 Revised:2025-12-15 Online First:2025-12-17 Published:2025-12-17
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Youth Project), China(No.BK20241648), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M763559) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52174222, 52573054)

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摘要： 生物基可降解聚乳酸(PLA)纳米纤维膜(NFMs)可缓解塑料污染，并辅助改善空气质量，在颗粒物(PM)滤除领域热度较高. 但其自身并不具备气体选择性，且因电活性不足与电荷耗散过快导致PM过滤效率不稳定，严重制约其广阔的发展前景. 本研究采用微波辅助法制备了高选择活性纳米晶(HSANs)，通过电纺电喷联用策略将其掺杂PLA NFMs中，最终形成具有多级孔结构的高选择活性纳米纤维膜(HAS NFMs). 借助HSANs(2、4和8wt%)的均匀负载作用，所得HSA NFMs的表面电位(最高达7.6 kV)和介电常数(1.68)均显著提升. 同时，凭借显著增强的电活性与优化后的形态结构，HSA NFMs在85 L/min流量下对PM2.5和PM0.3的过滤效率分别达到99.8%和99.5%，显著优于Pure PLA(仅83.5%和82.7%). 此外，制备的HSA NFMs表现出优异的二氧化碳(CO2)吸附性能，其中HSA-8在273.15 K/1.0 bar条件下的吸附容量高达57.2 cm3·g?1，并通过IAST模拟得到CO2/N2选择性为40. 该策略实现了高效CO2选择性吸附与卓越PM过滤性能的有机整合，有望推动环境友好型同步滤除分离功能膜的发展.

关键词: 纳纤膜, 高选择活性纳米晶, 同步滤除, 选择性吸附

Abstract: Biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) alleviate plastic pollution, aid in air quality improvement, and have gained significant attention in particulate matter (PM) filtration. However, they inherently lack gas selectivity; moreover, insufficient electroactivity and rapid charge dissipation lead to unstable PM filtration efficiency, which seriously restricts their development prospects. Herein, we employed a microwave-assisted method to fabricate High-selectivity active nanocrystals (HSANs), which were then integrated into PLA NFMs using a combined electrospinning?electrospray strategy, resulting in High-selectivity active (HSA) NFMs with a hierarchical porous structure. With the uniform, affinitive anchoring of HSANs (2, 4 and 8 wt%), the HSA NFMs thus obtained showed a significant increase in surface potential (up to 7.6 kV) and dielectric constant (1.68).Meanwhile, endowed with pronounced activity and optimized morphology, HSA NFMs exhibited PM2.5 and PM0.3 filtration efficiencies of 99.8% and 99.5% at 85 L/min, markedly outperforming Pure PLA (only 83.5% and 82.7%). Moreover, the prepared HSA NFMs exhibited excellent CO2 adsorption performance. Specifically, HSA-8 achieved the highest capacity of 57.2 cm3·g?1 at 273.15 K/1.0 bar, and its CO2/N2 selectivity of 40 was confirmed via IAST simulation. The proposed methodology exhibits an outstanding integration of high-efficiency CO2 capture and superior air filtration, which may facilitate the development of eco-friendly and functional protective membranes.

Key words: Nanofibrous membrane, Highly selective active nanocrystal, Simultaneous filtration and removal, Selective adsorption

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