高等学校化学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 20230311.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20230311

• 高分子化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

界面立构复合化电活性聚乳酸纳纤膜的制备及高效过滤性能

李小川1, 唐梦珂2, 朱金佗3, 何新建3, 徐欢2()   

  1. 1.中国矿业大学化工学院, 2. 材料与物理学院, 3. 安全工程学院, 徐州 221116
    4.中国安全生产科学研究院, 北京 100012
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-03 出版日期:2023-12-10 发布日期:2023-09-26
  • 通讯作者: 徐欢 E-mail:hihuan@cumt.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52003292);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20200661);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021QN1115)

Interfacial Stereocomplexation of Electroactive Poly(lactic acid) Nanofibrous Membranes for Efficient Filtration of Airborne PMs

LI Xiaochuan1, TANG Mengke2, ZHU Jintuo3, HE Xinjian3, XU Huan2()   

  1. 1.School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
    2.School of Materials Science and Physics
    3.School of Safety Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China
    4.China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China
  • Received:2023-07-03 Online:2023-12-10 Published:2023-09-26
  • Contact: XU Huan E-mail:hihuan@cumt.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52003292);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China(BK20200661);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China(2021QN1115)

摘要:

聚乳酸纤维膜在可降解空气过滤材料领域具有巨大潜力, 但低比例的电活性相导致纤维膜的介电性能较弱, 难以满足高性能空气颗粒物(PMs)过滤材料的需要. 本文利用聚L-乳酸(PLLA)和聚D-乳酸(PDLA)组成的立构复合物(SC)提供高比例电活性相, 采用同轴静电纺丝策略构筑界面立构复合化的电活性聚乳酸纳纤膜. 通过改变纺丝时的注射速度, 调控纤维形貌以及羰基(C=O)偶极子、 β晶相和界面立构复合晶(SCs)的形成, 得到的核壳(CS)结构纳纤膜具有改善的表面电势(9.3 kV)和介电常数(1.60 F/m). 界面立构复合化的纤维膜力学性能提升显著, 核部PLLA和壳部PDLA的注射速度分别为1.0和0.5 mL/h时获得的CS1.5纳纤膜的拉伸强度和杨氏模量分别达到17.2和351.1 MPa, 明显优于纯聚乳酸纤维膜. 更重要的是, 提升的电活性显著增强了聚乳酸纳纤膜对PM0.3和PM2.5的过滤效率, 界面立构复合化在应对高流速下捕尘时具有独特优势, CS1.5纳纤膜的过滤效率由10 L/min时的82.5%提升至85 L/min时的97.9%. 本文提出了采用界面立构复合化激发聚乳酸电活性的策略, 为解决聚乳酸纤维膜过滤材料的应用瓶颈提供了有益的参考.

关键词: 聚乳酸, 立构复合化, 同轴静电纺丝, 电活性, 空气过滤

Abstract:

Poly(lactic acid) membrane has great potential in the field of biodegradable air filtration materials, but the low proportion of electroactive phase leads to weak dielectric properties of the membrane, making it difficult to meet the requirements for capturing of high-performance filter materials for airborne particulate matters(PMs). Herein, the stereocomplex(SC) composed of poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) and poly(D-lactic acid)(PDLA) was employed to provide the proportion of high electroactive phase formation, and the stereocomplexed interface of electroactive poly(lactic acid) nanofiber membrane was established by coaxial electrospinning strategy. By adjusting the injection speed during spinning, fiber morphology and the formation of carbonyl(C=O) dipole, β crystal phase and interfacial stereocomplex crystals(SCs), the nanofiber membrane of core-shell(CS) structure obtained has improved surface potential(9.3 kV) and dielectric constant of 1.60. The mechanical properties of the composite fiber membrane with interfacial stereocomplex were significantly improved. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of core-shell 1.5(CS1.5) nanofiber membrane reached 17.2 MPa and 351.1 MPa, respectively, which were obviously superior to the pure PLLA membrane. More importantly, the enhanced electrical activity significantly enhanced the filtration efficiency of poly(lactic acid) nanofiber membranes for PM0.3 and PM2.5, and the stereocomplexed interface had a unique advantage in dealing with dust collection at high flow rate. The filtration efficiency of CS1.5 nanofiber membrane increased from 82.5% at 10 L/min to 97.9% at 85 L/min. Furthermore, we developed the strategy of using interfacial stereocomplex to stimulate the electroactivity of poly(lactic acid) for the first time, providing valuable insights for solving the application bottleneck of poly(lactic acid) membrane filtration materials.

Key words: Poly(lactic acid), Stereocomplexation, Coaxial electrospinning, Electroactivity, Air filtration

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