高等学校化学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 20220346.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220346

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基于小分子化学反应工具构建CRISPR-Cas9功能调控体系的研究进展

孔好, 徐菲洋, 王依香, 张艳()   

  1. 生命分析化学国家重点实验室, 江苏省先进有机材料重点实验室, 南京大学化学和生物医药创新研究院, 化学化工学院, 南京 210023
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-16 出版日期:2023-03-10 发布日期:2023-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 张艳 E-mail:njuzy@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21977043);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20202004);中央高校基本科研业务费(020514380226)

Research Progress of CRISPR-Cas9 Functional Regulation System Based on Small Molecule Reaction Tools

KONG Hao, XU Feiyang, WANG Yixiang, ZHANG Yan()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center(ChemBIC),School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China
  • Received:2022-05-16 Online:2023-03-10 Published:2023-03-14
  • Contact: ZHANG Yan E-mail:njuzy@nju.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21977043);the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China(BK20202004);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China(020514380226)

摘要:

CRISPR技术是目前基因编辑领域的一大研究热点, 已在疾病治疗、 作物改良等领域得到广泛的应用, CRISPR-Cas9系统是其中研究最为深入的一种类型. 如何降低Cas9/sgRNA复合物在细胞内作用的脱靶性是CRISPR-Cas9技术发展面临的主要挑战之一. 利用光或活性小分子诱发的小分子化学反应工具构建CRISPR-Cas9功能调控体系, 通过对sgRNA, Cas9或Cas9/sgRNA复合物的功能进行调控, 可以在细胞乃至活体水平上一定程度实现对CRISPR-Cas9作用的时间或空间特异性的操纵, 大大降低非特异性基因编辑作用发生的概率, 同时小分子对原体系的干扰较小, 因此小分子化学反应逐渐成为操纵CRISPR-Cas9体系的一种重要的研究工具. 本文总结和介绍了小分子反应工具用于CRISPR-Cas9功能调控系统构建的主要研究进展, 并对其未来的发展进行了展望.

关键词: 基因编辑, CRISPR-Cas9, 脱靶作用, 小分子化学反应, 功能调控体系

Abstract:

CRISPR is one of the major research focus of gene editing at present, and has been widely used in research areas like disease treatment and crop improvement. Among these CRIPSR systems, CRISPR-Cas9 system is the most deeply studied one. How to reduce the off-target effect in mammalian cells is one of the major challenges of CRISPR-Cas9. The functional regulation system of CRISPR-Cas9 can be constructed by using light or active molecule induced small molecule reaction tools. By controlling the function of sgRNA, Cas9 or Cas9/sgRNA complex, spatial-temporal regulation of the gene editing function of CRISPR-Cas9 can be achieved, and the probability of non-specific action can be greatly reduced. At the same time, small molecules have little interference with the original system, thus small molecule reactions have becoming more and more important tools for the CRISPR-Cas9 regulation systems. In this review, we summarize the main research progress of CRISPR-Cas9 functional regulation system based on small molecule reaction tools, and prospected the future development of this field.

Key words: Gene editing, CRISPR-Cas9, Off-target effect, Small molecule reaction, Functional regulation system

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