高等学校化学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 20220264.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220264

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超分子相互作用主导的纳米药物成核

许文哲,张皓   

  1. 吉林大学化学学院, 超分子结构与材料国家重点实验室, 长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-19 出版日期:2022-10-10 发布日期:2022-05-18
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51425303)

Supramolecular Interactions-mediated Nanodrug Nucleation

XU Wenzhe, ZHANG Hao()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials,College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China
  • Received:2022-04-19 Online:2022-10-10 Published:2022-05-18
  • Contact: ZHANG Hao E-mail:hao_zhang@jlu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51425303)

摘要:

纳米沉淀法是目前制备纳米药物的主要途径, 是指通过向药物的良溶剂中引入不良溶剂产生过饱和体系, 进而形成纳米尺度药物颗粒的方法. 该方法操控灵活, 能够大范围地选择药物分子、 溶剂、 载体、 表面活性剂及其它赋形剂, 实现对纳米药物成核及生长过程的调控. π-π堆积和疏水相互作用等分子间弱相互作用能够主导纳米药物成核, 从而用于制备高生物安全性的无载体纳米药物(CFNs). 目前超分子自组装在成核过程中的具体作用、 协同效应及调控方法尚缺少归纳总结. 根据纳米沉淀法的成核理论, 本文对超分子相互作用在成核过程中的重要贡献进行了诠释; 基于目前单药自组装CFNs的进展, 对多药共组装CFNs的优势进行了强调; 并将超分子相互作用主导成核的概念拓展到通过金属离子螯合形成的CFNs. 从理论上阐明了超分子相互作用在纳米药物成核过程中的主导作用, 将极大促进以高生物安全、 多功能及以联合治疗为标志的下一代CFNs的发展.

关键词: 纳米药物, 纳米沉淀法, 超分子相互作用, 无载体, 成核调控

Abstract:

Nanoprecipitation, referring to the formation process of nanometer-sized particles from supersaturated system, is the workhorse for preparing novel nanodrugs because of the flexibility to manipulate nucleation and/or growth processes by extensively selecting the species of drugs, solvents, carriers, surfactants, and other excipients. Carrier-free nanodrugs(CFNs) have been prepared via nanoprecipitation strategy, while a variety of intermolecular weak interactions between drug molecules, typically π?π stacking and hydrophobic interaction, are dominant in the nucleation of CFNs. However, the specific roles, synergistic effects, and in particular the manipulation of these supramolecular interactions during nucleation have never been summarized. In this review, the predominant contribution of supramolecular interactions in the nucleation of CFNs is proposed according to the classical nucleation theory of nanoprecipitation firstly. Next, on the basis of the great progresses in single-drug self-assembled CFNs, the advantages of multidrug co-assembled CFNs are highlighted. In addition, supramolecular interactions-mediated nucleation is further expanded to the CFNs constructed through metal ions-involved coordination. This overview theoretically elucidates the role of supramolecular interactions in the nucleation of nanodrugs, which will undoubtedly promote the development of next-generation CFNs characterized with bio-safety, multi-functionality, and combination therapy.

Key words: Nanodrug, Nanoprecipitation, Supramolecular interaction, Carrier-free, Nucleation manipulation

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