高等学校化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 3203.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20210315

• 高分子化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

吡啶基有机碱催化O-羧基酐的活性开环聚合

李琛, 李悦生()   

  1. 天津大学材料科学与工程学院, 天津 300350
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-06 出版日期:2021-10-10 发布日期:2021-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 李悦生 E-mail:ysli@tju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21971188)

Living Ring-opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Catalyzed by Pyridine Derivatives

LI Chen, LI Yuesheng()   

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China
  • Received:2021-05-06 Online:2021-10-10 Published:2021-10-10
  • Contact: LI Yuesheng E-mail:ysli@tju.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21971188)

摘要:

O-羧基酐(OCA)是α-羟基酸与三光气的缩合产物, 其侧基结构丰富, 可开环聚合生成结构多样的聚α-羟基酸, 弥补了聚乳酸结构和性能单一的缺陷. 在OCA开环聚合过程中, 手性α-H容易发生外消旋化, 导致聚合物的立构规整度下降. 本文发现了一种结构简单的高性能有机催化剂—4-甲氧基吡啶, 其可在温和的条件下快速催化OCA的活性开环聚合, 有效抑制酯交换和手性α-H的外消旋化副反应, 合成出高立构规整度的窄分布聚α-羟基酸. 进一步研究发现, 虽然在甲苯和四氢呋喃等常见溶剂中, OCA的开环聚合遵循一级动力学, 但在环氧烷烃溶剂中, OCA开环聚合遵循零级动力学, 聚合反应速率与单体浓度无关. 作为新型高效有机碱催化剂, 4-甲氧基吡啶在多嵌段可降解聚酯高效合成和聚酯生物医药载体制备等方面具有潜在的应用价值.

关键词: O-羧基酐, α-羟基酸, 开环聚合, 可降解聚酯, 有机催化剂

Abstract:

Poly(α-hydroxy acid)s can be synthesized by ring-opening polymerization(ROP) of O-carboxyanhydrides(OCAs) derived from α-hydroxy acids with rich side groups, which make up for the defects of poly(lactic acid) with restricted structure and performance. However, in the process of OCA ring-opening polymerization, chiral α-H is prone to racemization, which leads to the decrease of the stereoregularity of the polymer. Here, a high performance organic catalyst with simple structure, 4-methoxypyridine, is capable of rapid catalyzing the living ROP of OCA under the mild conditions, and effectively inhibits the side reactions of transesterification and racemization of chiral α-H to synthesize narrowly distributed poly(α-hydroxy acid) with high stereoregularity. In addition, although the ROP of OCA in common solvents such as toluene and tetrahydrofuran shows first-order kinetics, that in epoxy solvents follows 0-order kinetics, and the polymerization rate is independent of the monomer concentration. As a novel and efficient Lewis base catalyst, 4-methoxypyridine exhibits a great potential application value in the efficient synthesis of multi-block degradable polyester and preparation of polyester biological pharmaceutical carriers.

Key words: O-Carboxyanhydride, Poly(α-hydroxyacid), Ring-opening polymerization, Degradable polyester, Organocatalyst

中图分类号: 

TrendMD: