高耐磨低生热NBR/TBIR复合材料的结构与性能

doi:10.7503/cjcu20190459

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用高反式-1,4-丁二烯-异戊二烯共聚橡胶(TBIR)对丁腈橡胶(NBR)进行改性, 制备了高耐磨、低生热输送轮用白炭黑填充的NBR/TBIR橡胶纳米复合材料. 研究了NBR/TBIR橡胶纳米复合材料的交联密度、物理力学性能及填料分散性, 探讨了材料的结构对性能的影响. 研究结果表明, 与纯NBR相比, NBR/TBIR橡胶纳米复合材料的硫化速率和交联密度随TBIR用量的增加而增大; 在保持NBR硫化胶基本力学性能、耐老化性能和耐溶剂性能基本不变的前提下, TBIR的加入使NBR/TBIR硫化胶的耐磨性提高15%, 动态压缩生热降低5%, 动态压缩永久变形降低22%, 白炭黑分散水平提高; 与丁腈橡胶/顺丁橡胶[NBR/BR(80/20), 质量份数比]硫化胶相比, NBR/TBIR(80/20, 质量份数比)硫化胶具有更低的动态压缩生热和动态压缩永久变形及更好的填料分散性.

关键词: 反式-1, 4-丁二烯-异戊二烯共聚橡胶, 丁腈橡胶, 顺丁橡胶, 耐磨性, 纳米复合材料

Abstract:

The novel trans-1,4-poly(butadiene-co-isoprene) copolymer rubber(TBIR) was used to modify the acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber(NBR) for conveyor wheel with high abrasion resistant and low heat built-up. The crosslink density, physical and mechanical properties and filler dispersion of the NBR/TBIR vulcanizes filled with silica were discussed. The results show that the vulcanization rate and crosslink density of NBR/TBIR compounds increase with the increase in TBIR component when compared to the NBR compound. The NBR/TBIR(90/10, mass ratio) vulcanize shows 15% higher wear resistance, 5% lower heat built-up, 22% reduced dynamic compression set and better filler dispersion, while the other properties like aging resistance and solvent resistance kept almost unchanged. The NBR/TBIR(80/20, mass ratio) vulcanizate shows lower heat built-up, lower compression set and high filler dispersions when compared with NBR/BR(80/20) vulcanizate.

Key words: Trans-1, 4-poly(butadiene-co-isoprene) copolymer rubber, Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, Butadiene rubber, Abrasion resistance, Nanocomposite

中图分类号:

O631

TrendMD:

武营飞,李洪昱,蔡磊,贺爱华. 高耐磨低生热NBR/TBIR复合材料的结构与性能. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(3): 565.

WU Yingfei,LI Hongyu,CAI Lei,HE Aihua. Structure and Properties of NBR/TBIR Composites with High Abrasion Resistance and Low Heat Built-up ^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2020, 41(3): 565.

图/表 9

参考文献 31

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m(NBR)/m(TBIR)/m(BR)	100/0/0	95/5/0	90/10/0	85/15/0	80/20/0	80/0/20
M_L/(dN·m)	1.50	1.72	1.97	2.29	2.47	2.54
M_H/(dN·m)	15.81	16.17	17.70	18.52	19.96	20.88
(M_H-M_L)/(dN·m)	14.31	14.45	15.73	16.23	17.49	18.34
t₁₀/min	2.40	2.09	1.72	1.39	1.21	1.18
t₉₀/min	42.58	42.26	41.35	41.41	38.83	38.57
10⁴ Crosslink density/(mol·cm^-3)	1.601	1.714	1.802	1.837	1.878	1.692
Tensile strength/MPa	27.94	23.23	24.58	22.34	20.74	20.76
Modulus at 100%/MPa	1.96	1.96	1.98	2.07	2.03	2.43
Modulus at 300%/MPa	6.86	6.08	6.86	6.71	6.24	8.71
Elongation at break(%)	735	747	769	651	651	576
Tear strength/(kN·m^-1)	45.09	44.52	41.41	40.02	38.41	38.10
Shore A hardness/(°)	64.5	62.7	63.8	64.6	66.0	67.2
Rebound(%)	22.8	23.7	24.3	25.3	26.4	28.1

m(NBR)/m(TBIR)/m(BR)	100/0/0	95/5/0	90/10/0	85/15/0	80/20/0	80/0/20
M_L/(dN·m)	1.50	1.72	1.97	2.29	2.47	2.54
M_H/(dN·m)	15.81	16.17	17.70	18.52	19.96	20.88
(M_H-M_L)/(dN·m)	14.31	14.45	15.73	16.23	17.49	18.34
t₁₀/min	2.40	2.09	1.72	1.39	1.21	1.18
t₉₀/min	42.58	42.26	41.35	41.41	38.83	38.57
10⁴ Crosslink density/(mol·cm^-3)	1.601	1.714	1.802	1.837	1.878	1.692
Tensile strength/MPa	27.94	23.23	24.58	22.34	20.74	20.76
Modulus at 100%/MPa	1.96	1.96	1.98	2.07	2.03	2.43
Modulus at 300%/MPa	6.86	6.08	6.86	6.71	6.24	8.71
Elongation at break(%)	735	747	769	651	651	576
Tear strength/(kN·m^-1)	45.09	44.52	41.41	40.02	38.41	38.10
Shore A hardness/(°)	64.5	62.7	63.8	64.6	66.0	67.2
Rebound(%)	22.8	23.7	24.3	25.3	26.4	28.1

m(NBR)/m(TBIR)/m(BR)	100/0/0	95/5/0	90/10/0	85/15/0	80/20/0	80/0/20
Tensile strength/MPa	32.30	28.51	28.23	25.32	23.13	23.31
Modulus at 100%/MPa	3.24	3.25	2.88	3.17	3.06	3.98
Modulus at 300%/MPa	12.59	12.14	10.97	11.35	10.37	13.80
Elongation at break(%)	593	566	569	521	528	459
Ageing coefficient(%)	93	93	92	91	90	89

m(NBR)/m(TBIR)/m(BR)	100/0/0	95/5/0	90/10/0	85/15/0	80/20/0	80/0/20
Tensile strength/MPa	32.30	28.51	28.23	25.32	23.13	23.31
Modulus at 100%/MPa	3.24	3.25	2.88	3.17	3.06	3.98
Modulus at 300%/MPa	12.59	12.14	10.97	11.35	10.37	13.80
Elongation at break(%)	593	566	569	521	528	459
Ageing coefficient(%)	93	93	92	91	90	89

m(NBR)/m(TBIR)/m(BR)	100/0/0	95/5/0	90/10/0	85/15/0	80/20/0	80/0/20
Heat built-up/℃	62.2	59.7	59.2	58.3	58.2	59.0
Dynamic compression set(%)	9.8	8.9	7.6	7.9	8.5	7.9
Compression set(%)	10.7	10.4	10.9	12.0	12.3	10.6