基于碳纸电极电化学快速合成聚苯胺纳米纤维

doi:10.7503/cjcu20140524

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 2234.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20140524

基于碳纸电极电化学快速合成聚苯胺纳米纤维

张悦¹, 汪广进^1,², 潘牧¹()

1. 武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室, 武汉 430070
2. 湖北工程学院化学与材料科学学院, 孝感 432000

收稿日期:2014-06-09 出版日期:2014-10-10 发布日期:2014-09-17
作者简介:联系人简介: 潘牧, 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事质子交换膜燃料电池和新能源材料研究. E-mail: panmu@whut.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家“九七三”计划项目(批准号: 2012CB215504)资助

Fast Electropolymerization of Polyaniline Nanofibers on Carbon Paper^†

ZHANG Yue¹, WANG Guangjin^1,², PAN Mu^1,^*()

1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
2. College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China

Received:2014-06-09 Online:2014-10-10 Published:2014-09-17
Contact: PAN Mu E-mail:panmu@whut.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用碳纸电极, 采用循环伏安法、恒电流法和恒电位法等电化学聚合法快速合成了高氯酸掺杂聚苯胺纳米纤维. 利用电子显微镜、红外光谱和四探针测定仪等对聚苯胺的微观形貌结构、掺杂度和电导率进行了研究. 用循环伏安法对聚苯胺的电化学特征进行了分析. 研究发现, 3种方法合成的聚苯胺均为纳米纤维状结构, 长度达3 μm, 直径为50~150 nm. 其中, 循环伏安法合成的聚苯胺纳米纤维的均一性和电导率均优于其它2种方法, 其电导率高达5.97 S/cm. 另外, 聚苯胺合成速率顺序为恒电流法>循环伏安法>恒电位法, 且恒电流法合成的聚苯胺纳米纤维电极材料的放电比容量最大(578 F/g), 电容性能最好.

关键词: 聚苯胺, 纳米纤维, 碳纸, 电聚合

Abstract:

Polyaniline(PANI) nanofibers doped with perchloric acid(HClO₄) were fast synthesized by electrochemical method including cyclic voltammetry(CV), galvanostatic method(GM) and potentiostatic method(PM) on carbon paper. The microstructure, doping level and conductivity of the PANI nanofibers were cha-racterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and four-probe conductivity meter. The electrochemical property of PANI nanofibers was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry plot. The SEM and TEM images show that, PANI nanofibers have a diameter of 50—150 nm, length of 3 μm, the aspect ratio of 60. The synthetic rate of PANI nanofibers is fastest when synthesised by GM, followed by CV and PM. Compared with the PANI nanofibers synthesized by the other two method, the PANI nanofibers synthesized by CV exhibit the more outstanding conductivity, 5.97 S/cm. FTIR results indicate that the PANI appear strong absorption peaks at 817, 1122, 1290, 1444, 1491 and 1567 cm^-1, each peak corresponds with certain structural units of polyaniline, and the PANI synthesized by CV and GM have higher doping level. The CV curves indicates that the PANI nanofibers synthesized by GM exhibit the highest specific capacitance of 578 F/g, followed by PM and CV, which can be used as electrode materials of high-performance supercapacitor.

Key words: Polyaniline, Nanofibers, Carbon paper, Electropolymerization

中图分类号:

O631
O621.3

TrendMD:

张悦, 汪广进, 潘牧. 基于碳纸电极电化学快速合成聚苯胺纳米纤维. 高等学校化学学报, 2014, 35(10): 2234.

ZHANG Yue, WANG Guangjin, PAN Mu. Fast Electropolymerization of Polyaniline Nanofibers on Carbon Paper^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(10): 2234.

图/表 7

Fig.1 Images of the solution after galvanostatic method electropolymerization of PANI at 60 mA/cm2 (A) Carbon paper as working electrode; (B) ITO as working electrode; (C) Au as working electrode.

Fig.2 Synthetic rate curves of PANI nanofibers a. CV on carbon paper; b. GM on carbon paper; c. PM on carbon paper; d. GM on ITO.

Fig.3 SEM images of PANI nanofibers obtained by CV(A), GM(B) and PM(C)

Fig.4 TEM images of PANI nanofibers obtained by CV(A), GM(B) and PM(C)

Fig.5 FTIR spectra of PANI nanofibers obtained by CV(a), GM(b) and PM(c)

Fig.6 Conductivity of PANI nanofibers synthesized with different electrochemical method

Fig.7 CV curves of PANI synthesised by CV, GM and PM at scan rate of 20 mV/s

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基于碳纸电极电化学快速合成聚苯胺纳米纤维

Fast Electropolymerization of Polyaniline Nanofibers on Carbon Paper^†

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基于碳纸电极电化学快速合成聚苯胺纳米纤维

Fast Electropolymerization of Polyaniline Nanofibers on Carbon Paper†

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Fast Electropolymerization of Polyaniline Nanofibers on Carbon Paper^†