Abstract: Recently years, research on the catalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) to synthesize 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) has garnered significant attention. Compared with conventional thermal catalytic methods, electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-HMF offers advantages such as mild reaction conditions and reduced environmental pollution, making it a promising green and sustainable alternative. A P-doped NiCoMo-layered double hydroxide (P-NiCoMo-LDH) material with a unique sea urchin-like morphology was synthesized via a two-step process involving solvothermal treatment followed by high-temperature calcination. Its catalytic performance in the electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-HMF to FDCA was systematically investigated. The composition, structure, and surface chemical properties of the material were characterized using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Additionally, its electrochemical performance was evaluated through linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).The results demonstrate that the catalyst exhibits outstanding electrochemical and catalytic performance. At an applied potential of 1.5 V vs. RHE, the FDCA yield reached 92.3%, with a Faradaic efficiency of 90.5%. Compared to undoped NiCoMo-LDH, these values represent increases of 44.3% and 40.5%, respectively. Furthermore, mechanistic studies and stability tests provided deeper insights into the catalytic mechanism of the P-NiCoMo-LDH material and its potential for FDCA synthesis.

Key words: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, Metalnanomaterials; Electrocatalytic oxidation, Biomass