Preparation of a Novel g-C3N4/Sn/N-doped Carbon Composite for Sodium Storage

doi:10.7503/cjcu20200711

Abstract

Abstract:

Sodium-ion batteries（SIBs） based on Sn-based anodes have attracted increasing attention due to their high theoretical capacity（847 mA·h/g）， high electrical conductivity and suitable operation potential. Unfortunately， the huge structural change upon cycling often causes particle pulverization and rapid capacity decay. In this work， ultrafine Sn nanoparticles with dual protection from graphitic carbon nitride（g-C₃N₄） and polydopamine derived N-doped carbon（g-C₃N₄/Sn/NC） were successfully fabricated through a designed strategy. Generally， the introduction of g-C₃N₄ and NC can dramatically accelerate the transport of electrons/ions as well as the reaction dynamics， thus contributing to the alloying reaction between Sn and Na⁺. Importantly， the ultrafine Sn as well as the dual buffering matrices can efficiently maintain the integrity of electrode upon cycling， guaranteeing the superior electrochemical performance. Benefitting from the structural advantages inhe-rited from the ultrafine Sn nanoparticles and dual protection scaffolds， the as-obtained g-C₃N₄/Sn/NC displays excellent sodium storage performances， with high reversible capacity（450.7 mA·h/g at 0.5 A/g after 100 cycles）， remarkable rate capability（388.3 mA·h/g at 1.0 A/g） and stable long-term cycling stability（363.3 mA·h/g after 400 cycles at 1.0 A/g）.

Key words: g-C₃N₄, Sn nanoparticles, N-Doped carbon, Sodium-storage anode, Sodium-ion battery

CLC Number:

O646

TrendMD:

LIU Zhigang, LI Jiabao, YANG Jian, MA Hao, WANG Chengyin, GUO Xin, WANG Guoxiu. Preparation of a Novel g-C₃N₄/Sn/N-doped Carbon Composite for Sodium Storage[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2021, 42(2): 633.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Physical characterization of g?C3N4/Sn/NC(A) XRD patterns of g-C3N4, g-C3N4/SnO2 and g-C3N4/Sn/NC; (B) XPS spectrum of g-C3N4/Sn/NC; (C) Raman spectrum of g-C3N4/Sn/NC; (D) TG curve of g-C3N4/Sn/NC.

Fig.2 XPS spectra of g?C3N4/Sn/NC and g?C3N4(A—C) High-resolution Sn3d(A), C1s(B) and N1s(C) spectra of g-C3N4/Sn/NC; (D) high-resolution N1s spectra of g-C3N4.

Fig.3 TEM images of g?C3N4/Sn/NC, g?C3N4/Sn and g?C3N4(A, B) TEM images of g-C3N4; (C, D) TEM images of g-C3N4/SnO2; (E—G) HRTEM images of g-C3N4/Sn/NC; (H, I) SEAD pattern(H) and elemental mapping(I) of g-C3N4/Sn/NC.

Fig.4 Electrochemical performances of g?C3N4/Sn/NC at 0.5 A/g(A) Discharge/charge profiles of g-C3N4/Sn/NC at 0.5 A/g;(B) cycling performances of g-C3N4/Sn/NC and Sn at 0.5 A/g; (C) coulombic efficiency of g-C3N4/Sn/NC and pure Sn electrodes at 0.5 A/g.

Fig.5 CV curves of g?C3N4/Sn/NC at the scan rate of 0.1 mV/s in the voltage range of 0.001—1.5 V(A) and comparison of electrochemical properties of g?C3N4/Sn/NC and others(B, C)(B) Nyquist plots of g-C3N4/Sn/NC and Sn after 50 cycles at 0.5 A /g(the inset is the equivalent circuit model); (C) long-term cycling performance of g-C3N4/Sn/NC, g-C3N4/Sn and Sn at 1.0 A /g.

Fig.6 Rate performance and profiles of g?C3N4/Sn/NC and pure Sn electrodes(A) Rate performance of g-C3N4/Sn/NC and Sn; (B) rate profiles of Sn; (C) rate profiles of g-C3N4/Sn/NC.

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Preparation of a Novel g-C₃N₄/Sn/N-doped Carbon Composite for Sodium Storage

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