Microwave-assisted Fabrication of Nickel Hydroxide-Graphene Nanostructures and Their Application in Electrochemical Detection of Glucose†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20150593

Abstract

Abstract:

The nickel hydroxide-graphene[Ni(OH)₂-graphene] nanostructures were fabricated by facile microwave method, and the structure and electrocatalytic activities of the synthesized nanostructures were characterized via scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), X-ray powder diffraction(XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and cyclic voltammetry. The results indicated that the Ni(OH)₂-graphene nanotructures exhibited a higher electrocatalytic activity than the Ni(OH)₂ nanoparticles. A glucose nonenzyme sensor was developed based on the Ni(OH)₂-graphene nanotructures. The sensor exhibited a low detection limit of 2 μmol/L, a wide linear range from 0.01 to 7.5 mmol/L, and a high sensitivity of 174.7 μA·cm^-2·mmol·L^-1. In addition, the sensor exhibited excellent stability and selectivity for the glucose detection, and it could be used to analyze real samples.

Key words: Nickel hydroxide-graphene nanostructure, Microware-assisted method, Nonenzyme glucose sensor

CLC Number:

O657

TrendMD:

HU Yaojuan, HUANG Mengdan, CHEN Changyun, ZHANG Changli. Microwave-assisted Fabrication of Nickel Hydroxide-Graphene Nanostructures and Their Application in Electrochemical Detection of Glucose^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2016, 37(3): 468.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 SEM images of Ni(OH)2(A, B) and Ni(OH)2-graphene nanostructures(C, D)

Fig.2 Typical XRD patterns of Ni(OH)2(a) and Ni(OH)2-graphene nanostructures(b)

Fig.3 EIS of Ni(OH)2/GCE(a) and Ni(OH)2-graphene/GCE(b) in 0.1 mol/L KCl electrolyte solution containing 5.0 mmol/L K3Fe(CN)6/K4Fe(CN)6

Fig.4 CVs of the bare GCE(a), Ni(OH)2/GCE(b) and Ni(OH)2-graphene/GCE(c) in 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution at scan rate of 50 mV/s(A) and CVs of Ni(OH)2-graphene/GCE in 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution at different scan rates(B)(B) Scan rate/(mV·s-1), a—h: 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200. Inset of (B) is plot of the peak current vs. the square root of scan rate.

Fig.5 CVs of Ni(OH)2/GCE(A) and Ni(OH)2-graphene/GCE(B) in 0.1 mol/L NaOH without(a) and with(b) 10 mmol/L glucose The scan rate is 50 mV/s.

Fig.6 Dependence of the response of electrocatalytic oxidation of 1 mmol/L glucose at Ni(OH)2-graphene/GCE on the detection potential

Fig.7 Amperometric response of Ni(OH)2-graphene/GCE to successive addition of glucose in NaOH at the applied potential of 0.50 V(A) and calibration curve for glucose obtained at the electrode(B)

Table 1 Analytical parameters obtained at different glucose sensors

Electrode material	Sensitivity/ (μA·cm^-2·mmol·L^-1)	Detect limit/ (μmol·L^-1)	Linear range/(mmol·L^-1)	Reference
Ni(OH)₂-graphene	174.70	2.0	0.01—7.5	This work
Ni(OH)₂	29.93	10	0.5—7.0	This work
RGO-Ni(OH)₂	11.43	0.6	0.002—3.1	[20]
CuO/TiO₂	79.79	1.0	To 2.0	[23]
Cu/graphene		0.5	To 4.5	[24]
Cu@Cu₂O/rGO	145.20	0.5	0.005—7.0	[25]
NiO-Pt NFs	180.80	0.313	To 3.67	[26]
CuFe₂O₄-MWCNTs		0.2	0.0005—1.4	[17]

Fig.8 Amperometric responses of the Ni(OH)2-graphene/GCE to 1 mmol/L glucose, 0.1 mmol/L AA and 0.1 mmol/L DA at an applied potential of 0.50 V

Table 2 Determination of glucose concentration in the blood sample by Ni(OH)2-graphene/GCE(n=5)

Sample	Ni(OH)₂-graphene/GCE		Blood glucose monitor
Sample	Test result/(mmol·L^-1)	RSD(%)	Test result/(mmol·L^-1)	RSD(%)
1	3.36	2.16	3.32	2.32
2	4.25	2.52	4.22	2.15
3	5.32	3.27	5.35	2.28
4	5.67	3.53	5.70	2.04
5	6.89	3.25	6.84	2.57

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