Emulsification Activity of Natural Silk Fibroin

doi:10.7503/cjcu20141022

Abstract

Abstract:

Silk fibroin produced by the domesticated silkworm exhibits great potential biomedical and biotechnological applications due to its high processability, great biocompatibility, low biodegradability and minimal inflammatory reaction. The amphiphilic character and hence a respective surface activity provide silk fibroin good abilities to self-assemble at the fluid interfaces and form stable viscoelastic protective films, thus making silk fibroin become a possible novel emulsion stabilizer in drug delivery systems and cosmetics fields. In this study, emulsions stabilized by silk fibroin with different oil phases were prepared, and effects of silk fibroin concentration(φ_SF), oil volume fraction(ϕ_O) and oil polarity on the emulsification activity index(EAI), emulsion stability and type, and the morphology, size and zeta potential of emulsion droplets were investigated, and the emulsification activity and emulsion stabilization mechanisms were also discussed. The results reveal that the amphiphilic character and hence a respective surface activity provide silk fibroin good abilities to self-assemble at the fluid interfaces and form stable viscoelastic protective films, and the emulsification activity is strengthened with the decrease of φ_SF and increases of ϕ_O. The increase of φ_SF and ϕ_O are beneficial for improving the stable emulsion volume fraction.

Key words: Silk fibroin, Emulsion, Emulsification activity

CLC Number:

O631

TrendMD:

PENG Wei, WANG Lijun, QIAO Xiuying, SHAO Zhengzhong, SUN Kang. Emulsification Activity of Natural Silk Fibroin[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2015, 36(5): 1012.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Illustration of the preparation process of the emulsions stabilized by silk fibroina. Silk fibroin water solution with different concentration(φSF); b. adding different oil with different volume fraction(ϕO) on the top; c. polydisperse emulsion; d. final stable emulsion with resolved water on the bottom.

Fig.2 Change of EAI with silk fibroin concentration for the emulsions stabilized by silk fibroin with ϕO=0.3 and different oil phasesa. Dodecane; b. butyl butyrate; c. hexanol.

Fig.3 Change of EAI with oil volume fraction for the emulsions stabilized by silk fibroin with φSF=5 mg/mL and different oil phasesa. Dodecane; b. butyl butyrate; c. hexanol.

Fig.4 Photos of the vessels containing the O/W emulsions stabilized by silk fibroin with ϕO=0.3 and different φSF initially in water and different oil phases for 7 d (A) Dodecane; (B) butyl butyrate; (C) hexanol. φSF/(mg·mL-1): a. 2.5; b. 5; c. 10.

Table 1 Stable emulsion fraction, droplet size and droplet surface charge of different emulsions stabilized by silk fibroin with different φSF initially in water, different ϕO and different oil phases

Oil phase	φ_SF /(mg·mL^-1)	ϕ_O	Stable emulsion fraction(%)	Droplet size/μm	Zeta-potential/mV
Dodecane	2.5	0.3	47.2	27.5	-28
	5	0.3	52.8	35.4	-30.7
	10	0.3	55.6	53.8	-34.2
	5	0.2	38.9	32.0	-32.8
	5	0.4	65.3	37.8	-29.6
Butyl butyrate	2.5	0.3	60.5	30.3	-19.5
	5	0.3	78.4	26.3	-21.4
	10	0.3	84.2	21.9	-25.2
	5	0.2	63.2	25.0	-20.4
	5	0.4	89.5	28.7	-22.6
Hexanol	2.5	0.3	65.0	35.6	-24.6
	5	0.3	77.5	27.5	-31.2
	10	0.3	77.5	22.5	-30.9
	5	0.2	45.0	23.0	-27.2
	5	0.4	95.0	45.5	-27.6

Fig.5 Microscope images for the oil/water emulsions stabilized by silk fibroin with the same φSF initially in water(φSF =5 mg/mL) but different ϕO and oil phases for 7 d(A) ϕO=0.2, dodecane; (B) ϕO=0.3, dodecane; (C) ϕO=0.4, dodecane; (D) ϕO=0.2, butyl butyrate; (E) ϕO=0.3, butyl butyrate; (F) ϕO=0.4, butyl butyrate; (G) ϕO=0.2, hexane; (H) ϕO=0.3, hexane; (I) ϕO=0.4, hexane.

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