Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 20250314.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20250314

• Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Discovery of a Novel Ginseng Polysaccharide: Structure Characterization, in vitro Fermentability and Anti-oxidative Mechanism of Fermented Product via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway on A β -induced-PC12 Cells

DONG Binbin1,2, HOU Zong1, ZHENG Zhong1, XING Junpeng1, LIU Zhiqiang1,2(), LIU Shu1,2()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry,Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
    2.School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China
  • Received:2025-10-27 Online:2026-01-10 Published:2025-11-24
  • Contact: LIU Zhiqiang, LIU Shu E-mail:liuzq@ciac.ac.cn;liushu@ciac.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization Project, China(2023YFC3504000);国家重点研究发展计划“中医药现代化”重点专项(2023YFC3504000);the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province, China(20240404043ZP);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20240404043ZP);the Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Project of Changchun Science and Technology Bureau and Chinese Academy of Sciences, China(23SH14);长春市“市院科技创新合作专项(23SH14)

Abstract:

In this study, a novel polysaccharide GPA-G2-H was derived from ginseng. Furthermore, the coherent study of its structural characteristics, fermented characteristics in vitro, as well as antioxidant mechanism of fermented product FGPA-G2-H on Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells were explored. The structure of GPA-G2-H was determined by means of zeta potential analysis, FTIR, HPLC, XRD, GC-MS and NMR. The backbone of GPA-G2-H was mainly composed of →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ with branches substituted at O-3. Notably, GPA-G2-H was degraded by intestinal microbiota in vitro with total sugar content and pH value decreasing, and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) increasing. Moreover, GPA-G2-H significantly promoted the proliferation of LactobacillusMuribaculaceae and Weissella, thereby making positive alterations in intestinal microbiota composition. Additionally, FGPA-G2-H activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, enhanced HO-1, NQO1, SOD and GSH-Px, while inhabited Keap1, MDA and LDH, which alleviated Aβ-induced oxidative stress in PC12 cells. These provide a solid theoretical basis for the further development of ginseng polysaccharides as functional food and antioxidant drugs.

Key words: Ginseng polysaccharide, Structural characterization, Intestinal microbiota, Fermentability, Oxidative stress

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