Pyrolysis Behavior and Product Characteristics of Microwave co-Pyrolysis of Cellulose and Waste Tire†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20170717

Abstract

Abstract:

The pyrolysis behavior and product characteristics of microwave co-pyrolysis of cellulose and waste tire were investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer(TG), the equipment of microwave co-pyrolysis, Fourier transform infrared analyzer(FTIR) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The results show that the contents of residual carbons from different H/C_eff ratios(0.2, 0.4, 0.6) are lower than the theoretical values. Compared with the theoretical values at H/C_eff ratios(0.2, 0.4, 0.6), the yields of pyrolysis oil increase by 4.7%, 6.4% and 6.0%, respectively, indicating the occurrence of synergistic effect during the co-pyrolysis of cellulose and waste tire. The relative content of 79.5% for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) was observed in pyrolysis oil of waste tire. However, the PAHs were totally disappeared and converted into valuable oxygen containing compounds after the adding of cellulose, resulting in the quality improvement of pyrolysis oil.

Key words: Cellulose, Waste tire, Microwave co-pyrolysis, Pyrolysis oil, Synergistic effect

CLC Number:

O643.3

TrendMD:

WANG Wenliang,SHI Yujie,WANG Shaohua,DANG Zepan,LI Xinping. Pyrolysis Behavior and Product Characteristics of Microwave co-Pyrolysis of Cellulose and Waste Tire^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2018, 39(5): 964.

Figures/Tables 9

References 28

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Retention time/min	Compound	Relative content(%)
Retention time/min	Compound	H/C_eff=0	H/C_eff=0.2	H/C_eff=0.4	H/C_eff=0.6	H/C_eff=0.8
	Saccharides	50.53	39.01	31.79	17.46	0
21.33	Levoglucosenone	6.55	5.03	6.13	3.19
25.16	1,4∶3,6-Dianhydro-α-d-glucopyranose	7.68	4.78	4.72	6.53
35.93	D-Allose		29.21	20.93	7.74
36.80	Levoglucosan	31.86
38.73	Trehalose	4.44
	Furans	31.66	31.89	31.91	30.43	0
11.83	Furfural	8.82	9.72	9.48	8.47
14.26	2-Acetylfuran	2.62	2.06	1.91	1.46
15.12	2-(5H)-Furanone	1.28	1.16	0.99
16.00	5-Methylfurfural	3.60	2.92	2.81	3.31
16.89	3-Methylfuran-2(5H)-one	0.93
19.34	4-Methyl-2(5H)-furanone	1.49	2.10		1.08
20.16	2,5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone		3.22	3.49
20.60	Methyl-2-furoate	3.05	2.20	1.95
22.54	5-Methyl-2-furanmethanol	0.82
26.06	5-Hydroxymethylfurfural	6.76	8.53	11.28	16.12
28.52	1-(2-Furyl)-2,3-dimethyl-3-butene-1,2-diol	2.30
	Hydrocarbons	0	1.79	0	6.34	100
15.56	(E)-2-Heptene				1.72
20.43	2-Nonyne				2.00
21.79	2,3,5-Trimethylhexane				2.63
22.13	1-(Cycloprop-2-en-1-yl)-2-methylbenzene					6.08
23.25	1-Methylidene-1H-indene					14.42
25.37	1,2-Dihydro-3-methylnaphthalene					14.35
26.36	2-Methylnaphthalene					7.77
26.77	1-Methylnaphthalene					8.96
28.31	1-Nonene		1.18
29.24	2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene					2.63
29.58	1-Hexadecene		0.61
29.67	2,7-Dimethylnaphthalene					5.72
30.01	2-Vinylnaphthalene					6.63
30.58	Biphenylene					5.88
32.31	4,6,8-Trimethylazulene					4.34
34.50	9-Fluorenemethanol					2.67
36.59	2-Methylfluorene					3.35
38.50	Phenanthrene					7.86
39.16	Diphenylethyne					1.81
40.82	Naphtho[1,2-b]norbornadiene					1.00
41.23	1-Methylphenanthrene					3.13
43.40	1,7-Dimethylphenanthrene					0.76
44.16	Fluoranthene					2.64
	Ketones	8.14	11.70	9.32	17.38	0
8.94	Hydroxyacetone	2.45	3.78	4.24	8.08
10.77	1-Hydroxy-2-butanone		1.89	1.22	3.10
13.02	4-Ethoxy-2-butanone		1.70
13.99	2-Methyl-2-cyclopentenone				0.65
15.63	4-Methylcyclohexanone		1.53
15.67	1,2-Cyclopentanedione	1.26
18.47	Methylcyclopentenolone			2.74	4.04
18.65	3-Methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione	3.50	2.79	1.11	1.50
29.61	2-(1-Methyl-2-oxopropyl)-cyclohexanone	0.94
	Carboxylic acids	6.00	11.71	10.08	9.84	0
7.74	Formic acid	2.13	3.07	1.69

Retention time/min	Compound	Relative content(%)
Retention time/min	Compound	H/C_eff=0	H/C_eff=0.2	H/C_eff=0.4	H/C_eff=0.6	H/C_eff=0.8
	Saccharides	50.53	39.01	31.79	17.46	0
21.33	Levoglucosenone	6.55	5.03	6.13	3.19
25.16	1,4∶3,6-Dianhydro-α-d-glucopyranose	7.68	4.78	4.72	6.53
35.93	D-Allose		29.21	20.93	7.74
36.80	Levoglucosan	31.86
38.73	Trehalose	4.44
	Furans	31.66	31.89	31.91	30.43	0
11.83	Furfural	8.82	9.72	9.48	8.47
14.26	2-Acetylfuran	2.62	2.06	1.91	1.46
15.12	2-(5H)-Furanone	1.28	1.16	0.99
16.00	5-Methylfurfural	3.60	2.92	2.81	3.31
16.89	3-Methylfuran-2(5H)-one	0.93
19.34	4-Methyl-2(5H)-furanone	1.49	2.10		1.08
20.16	2,5-Dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone		3.22	3.49
20.60	Methyl-2-furoate	3.05	2.20	1.95
22.54	5-Methyl-2-furanmethanol	0.82
26.06	5-Hydroxymethylfurfural	6.76	8.53	11.28	16.12
28.52	1-(2-Furyl)-2,3-dimethyl-3-butene-1,2-diol	2.30
	Hydrocarbons	0	1.79	0	6.34	100
15.56	(E)-2-Heptene				1.72
20.43	2-Nonyne				2.00
21.79	2,3,5-Trimethylhexane				2.63
22.13	1-(Cycloprop-2-en-1-yl)-2-methylbenzene					6.08
23.25	1-Methylidene-1H-indene					14.42
25.37	1,2-Dihydro-3-methylnaphthalene					14.35
26.36	2-Methylnaphthalene					7.77
26.77	1-Methylnaphthalene					8.96
28.31	1-Nonene		1.18
29.24	2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene					2.63
29.58	1-Hexadecene		0.61
29.67	2,7-Dimethylnaphthalene					5.72
30.01	2-Vinylnaphthalene					6.63
30.58	Biphenylene					5.88
32.31	4,6,8-Trimethylazulene					4.34
34.50	9-Fluorenemethanol					2.67
36.59	2-Methylfluorene					3.35
38.50	Phenanthrene					7.86
39.16	Diphenylethyne					1.81
40.82	Naphtho[1,2-b]norbornadiene					1.00
41.23	1-Methylphenanthrene					3.13
43.40	1,7-Dimethylphenanthrene					0.76
44.16	Fluoranthene					2.64
	Ketones	8.14	11.70	9.32	17.38	0
8.94	Hydroxyacetone	2.45	3.78	4.24	8.08
10.77	1-Hydroxy-2-butanone		1.89	1.22	3.10
13.02	4-Ethoxy-2-butanone		1.70
13.99	2-Methyl-2-cyclopentenone				0.65
15.63	4-Methylcyclohexanone		1.53
15.67	1,2-Cyclopentanedione	1.26
18.47	Methylcyclopentenolone			2.74	4.04
18.65	3-Methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione	3.50	2.79	1.11	1.50
29.61	2-(1-Methyl-2-oxopropyl)-cyclohexanone	0.94
	Carboxylic acids	6.00	11.71	10.08	9.84	0
7.74	Formic acid	2.13	3.07	1.69

Retention time/min	Compound	Relative content(%)
Retention time/min	Compound	H/C_eff=0	H/C_eff=0.2	H/C_eff=0.4	H/C_eff=0.6	H/C_eff=0.8
8.54	Acetic acid	3.87	4.21	5.96	6.85
9.70	Propanoic acid				2.98
37.76	Lauric acid			2.43
37.98	Tridecanoic acid		4.43
	Alcohols	0	0	11.02	13.26	0
13.33	2-Propoxyethanol			1.08
22.96	1-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol			0.76	1.34
24.06	4-Methylcyclohexanol			9.19	11.64
30.38	6,10,14-Trimethyl-pentadecan-2-ol				0.28
	Esters	2.69	2.17	3.92	5.04	0
7.79	Isobutyl formate				4.41
10.03	Diatol	2.69	2.17
10.26	Ethyl formate			2.88
15.72	α-Angelicalactone			1.04
32.10	Ethyl-7-oxooctanoate				0.63
	Aldehydes	0.98	1.73	1.96	0.25	0
7.42	Methylglyoxal	0.98	1.73	1.96
30.67	9-Acetoxynonanal				0.25

Retention time/min	Compound	Relative content(%)
Retention time/min	Compound	H/C_eff=0	H/C_eff=0.2	H/C_eff=0.4	H/C_eff=0.6	H/C_eff=0.8
8.54	Acetic acid	3.87	4.21	5.96	6.85
9.70	Propanoic acid				2.98
37.76	Lauric acid			2.43
37.98	Tridecanoic acid		4.43
	Alcohols	0	0	11.02	13.26	0
13.33	2-Propoxyethanol			1.08
22.96	1-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol			0.76	1.34
24.06	4-Methylcyclohexanol			9.19	11.64
30.38	6,10,14-Trimethyl-pentadecan-2-ol				0.28
	Esters	2.69	2.17	3.92	5.04	0
7.79	Isobutyl formate				4.41
10.03	Diatol	2.69	2.17
10.26	Ethyl formate			2.88
15.72	α-Angelicalactone			1.04
32.10	Ethyl-7-oxooctanoate				0.63
	Aldehydes	0.98	1.73	1.96	0.25	0
7.42	Methylglyoxal	0.98	1.73	1.96
30.67	9-Acetoxynonanal				0.25