Application in Electric Double Layer Capacitor of Porous Carbon Derived from Potassium Carbonate Activated Molasses†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20160817

Abstract

Abstract:

A facile method for the synthesis of porous carbon from molasses with K₂CO₃ as the activator(KPCs) was present. Effects of different conditions on the yield of KPCs were analyzed. The samples were characterized with scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), N₂ adsorption-desorption analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). The results show that the KPCs have graphitized layer stack structure, and have surface functional groups of hydroxyl, carboxyl, ester and ether group. Also, the KPCs have porous structure and their specific surface area is up to 1219 m²/g. The optimized activation temperature was 800 ℃. The porous carbon based molasses will be an ideal electric double layer capacitors material in the field of energy storage.

Key words: Molasses, Potassium carbonate, Activation, Porous carbon

TrendMD:

GAO Ye, PANG Liyun, CAO Liyuan, WANG Wei, GUO Yupeng, ZHAO Chun. Application in Electric Double Layer Capacitor of Porous Carbon Derived from Potassium Carbonate Activated Molasses^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2017, 38(3): 341.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Effects of hydrothermal temperature(A) and hydrothermal time(B) on the yield of HC

Fig.2 Effects of activation temperature(A), activation time(B) and mass ratio of K2CO3 to HC(C) on the yield of KPCs

Fig.3 SEM images of KPC/800/1/3∶1(A), KPC/850/1/3∶1(B) and KPC/900/1/3∶1(C)

Fig.4 XRD patterns(A) and FTIR spectra(B) of KPC/800/1/1∶1(a), KPC/800/1/2∶1(b), KPC/800/1/3∶1(c), KPC/800/1/4∶1(d) and KPC/800/1/5∶1(e)

Fig.5 N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms(A) and DFT pore size distribution curve(B) of KPC/800/1/3∶1

Table 1 Textural characteristics and the specific capacity of KPCs*

Sample	S_BET/(m²·g^-1)	V_t/(cm³·g^-1)	D_ave/nm	V_mic/(cm³·g^-1)	S_mic/(m²·g^-1)	S_ext/(m²·g^-1)
KPC/800/1/1∶1	1084	0.54	20.0	0.31	688	396
KPC/800/1/2∶1	1096	0.55	20.2	0.32	693	402
KPC/800/1/3∶1	1219	0.59	20.4	0.37	807	412

Fig.6 CV curves of the KPCs(A), galvanostatic charge/discharge curves of the KPCs(B) and cycling stability of KPC/800/1/3∶1(C)

Table 2 Specific capacitance(F/g) of KPCs from galvanostatic charge/discharge curves under different activation conditions

Sample	5 A/g	4 A/g	3 A/g	2 A/g	1 A/g
KPC/800/1/1∶1	57.5	30.9	52.0	83.6	106.2
KPC/800/1/2∶1	74.3	34.1	57.6	107.4	121.5
KPC/800/1/3∶1	79.2	51.7	74.1	121.6	159.9
KPC/800/1/4∶1	83.6	49.4	70.4	119.9	139.2
KPC/800/1/5∶1	80.8	46.6	63.23	112.0	136.3

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