Oxidation, Modification and Dispersibility of Single-walled Carbon Nanohorns

doi:10.7503/cjcu20121146

Abstract

Abstract:

Single-walled carbon nanohorns(SWNHs) are new materials that are similar to single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs) but have more comparative advantages than SWNTs. The size of SWNHs matches the condition for achieving enhanced permeability and retention(EPR) effect. The non-cytotoxicity makes SWNHs potentially applicable in drug delivery and electrochemical biosensing. However, it's hard to apply SWNHs in water since the surface of SWNHs is hydrophobic. In this article, we carried out systematic research to improve the dispersibility and biocompatibility of SWNHs. The effects of pH value, salt concentration and Tween 80 on the dispersion of SWNHs were investigated. The results showed that SWNHs dispersed well in water at the pH values of 6—10 and high salt concentration had substantial obstacle to their dispersion. It can be deduced that surface Zeta potential is an important factor on the dispersion of SWNHs. Tween 80 helped SWNHs well dispersed in buffers. These results are important for us to understand the dispersion of SWNHs mechanism in aqueous solution. In order to find the best way to improve the dispersion and biocompatibility of SWNHs, three oxidation methods of SWNHs were studied including concentrated nitric acid refluxing, H₂O₂ oxidation assisted by Hg lamp and H₂O₂ oxidation assisted by Xe lamp. As a result, H₂O₂ oxidation assisted by Xe lamp in 1 h is the most effective method because it generats large amount of oxygenated groups on the surface of SWNHs which are of great help for their dispersion. In order to improve the biocompatibility of SWNHox, we chose carboxyl polyethylene glycol distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine(DSPE-PEG-COOH) to modify SWNHox. Different concentrations of DSPE-PEG-COOH were used in water and phosphate buffer solution(PBS) followed by determining the Zeta potentials and monitoring the coagulation times. The result showed that 0.25 mg/mL was the optimal concentration of DSPE-PEG-COOH to achieve the best dispersion in PBS. Our study lays an important experimental basis for carbon nanohorns to be used in drug delivery systems and biosensors in the future.

Key words: Single-walled carbon nanohorns(SWNHs), Dispersion, Light assisted oxidation, Carboxyl polyethylene glycol distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine(DSPE-PEG-COOH)

CLC Number:

O613
O648

TrendMD:

LI Xue-Quan, SUN Cheng-Yu, ZHAO Qian, WU Zhi-Shan, XU Dan-Ke, ZHONG Wen-Ying. Oxidation, Modification and Dispersibility of Single-walled Carbon Nanohorns[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2013, 34(4): 763.

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