高等学校化学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 20250303.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20250303

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

表面羧基构型与润湿性之间的热力学关联

郭卓欢, 汪大洋()   

  1. 吉林大学化学学院,无机合成与制备化学国家重点实验室,长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-18 出版日期:2026-01-10 发布日期:2025-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 汪大洋 E-mail:wangdayang@jlu.edu.cn

Thermodynamic Correlation Between Surface Carboxyl Configuration and Wettability

GUO Zhuohuan, WANG Dayang()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry,College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China
  • Received:2025-10-18 Online:2026-01-10 Published:2025-11-21
  • Contact: WANG Dayang E-mail:wangdayang@jlu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21932003);国家自然科学基金(21932003)

摘要:

以聚丙烯酸(PAA)薄膜为模型体系, 通过调控分子量与固化温度, 制备了一系列具有不同水润 湿性的PAA薄膜. 借助衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)解析, 将薄膜表面羧基(COOH)的分子 构型[自由羧基(COOHf)和氢键结合羧基(COOHHB)]与表面能的极性分量(γs,p)直接关联. 通过将γs,p分解为COOHfCOOHHB的贡献之和, 首次获得COOHHB的本征表面能极性分量γHBs,p*为8.34 mN/m, 显著低于COOHfγfs,p*(34 mN/m), 这一结果表明氢键作用显著降低了表面的γs,p, 合理解释了PAA薄膜表面较大水接触角的差异, 并为通过润湿性反推表面COOHHB的比例提供了热力学基础. 进一步将该模型推广至羧基自组装单层(COOH-SAMs)体系时发现, 表面COOH密度(∑COOH)对润湿行为具有关键调控作用: 当∑C OOH处于 4.30~5.25 nm⁻²时, COOH以自由态为主并可形成有效水合层, 最有利于超亲水表面的实现. 本研究不仅建立了表面 COOH 构型与宏观润湿性之间的定量热力学模型, 还通过推广至COOH-SAMs体系验证了该模型的普适性, 为多种COOH功能化表面亲水性的可控设计提供了统一理论框架.

关键词: 聚丙烯酸薄膜, 氢键, 衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱, 羧基构型定量, 表面能极性分量

Abstract:

In this study, polyacrylic acid(PAA) films were employed as a model system, and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature. Using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR), the molecular configurations of surface carboxyl groups(COOH), free carboxyl(COOHf) and hydrogen-bonded carboxyl(COOHHB), were directly correlated with the polar component of surface energy(γs,p). By decomposing the γs,p values of the PAA thin films as a sum of the contributions of COOHf and COOHHB, the intrinsic polar component of surface energy of COOHHBγHBs,p*) was quantified for the first time as 8.34 mN/m, significantly lower than that of COOHfγfs,p*=34 mN/m). This result highlights that hydrogen bonding markedly reduces the γs,p, providing a rational explanation for the relatively large water contact angle observed on PAA thin films. Furthermore, it establishes a thermodynamic basis for estimating the fraction of surface COOHHB groups(fHB) from wettability measurements. Further extension of the model to carboxyl- terminated self-assembled monolayers(COOH-SAMs) revealed that surface COOH density(∑COOH) critically regulates wetting behavior: when ∑C OOH ranges from 4.30 to 5.25 nm-², COOH groups predominantly exist in a free state and facilitate effective hydration layers, thereby promoting superhydrophilicity. Overall, this study not only establishes a unified thermodynamic framework linking surface COOH configurations to macroscopic wettability, but also validates its universality by extending it to COOH-SAMs systems, thereby providing a unified theoretical framework for the controllable design of hydrophilicity in various COOH-functionalized surfaces.

Key words: Polyacrylic acid film, Hydrogen bonding, Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Quantitative carboxyl configuration, Polar component of surface energy

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