高等学校化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 2049.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20200656

• 高分子化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于聚苯并咪唑/超支化聚合物的交联共混体系的高温质子交换膜

曹凯悦, 彭金武, 李宏斌, 石埕荧, 王鹏, 刘佰军()   

  1. 吉林大学特种工程塑料教育部重点实验室, 化学学院, 长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-05 出版日期:2021-06-10 发布日期:2021-06-08
  • 通讯作者: 刘佰军 E-mail:liubj@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51873076);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20180201076GX);吉林省产业技术研究与开发基金(2019C042-4)

High-temperature Proton Exchange Membranes Based on Cross-linked Polybenzimidazole/hyperbranched-polymer Blends

CAO Kaiyue, PENG JinWu, LI Hongbin, SHI Chengying, WANG Peng, LIU Baijun()   

  1. Key Laboratory of High?Performance Plastics,Ministry of Education,College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China
  • Received:2020-09-05 Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-06-08
  • Contact: LIU Baijun E-mail:liubj@jlu.edu.cn

摘要:

在可溶性高分子量芳醚型聚苯并咪唑(OPBI)基体中引入超支化聚对氯甲基苯乙烯(H-VBC), 通过 便捷的溶液共混-浇铸法, 制备了基于聚苯并咪唑/超支化聚合物的新型交联体系(OPBI/H-VBC-1和OPBI/ H-VBC-2), 并对膜进行季铵盐化处理(OPBI/H-VBC-QA-1和OPBI/H-VBC-QA-2), 实现了复合膜综合性能的提升. 与原始OPBI膜相比, 交联型复合膜表现出优异的尺寸稳定性和“抗塑化”能力. 在85%磷酸中浸泡72 h后, OPBI/H-VBC-2和OPBI/H-VBC-QA-2的体积膨胀率只有184.2%和152.4%, 而OPBI的体积膨胀率达到336.5%; OPBI/H-VBC-2和OPBI/H-VBC-QA-2的最大拉伸强度分别达到36.3和21.9 MPa, 比单一OPBI膜的10.9 MPa提高了56%~233%. 研究发现, 季铵盐化的复合膜具有更高的质子传导率(在200 ℃下的质子传导率分别达到151.5和103.4 mS/cm)与磷酸吸收水平比值. 对比研究发现, 所制备的交联型复合膜比已报道大多数高温质子交换膜(HT-PEM)具有更优异的质子传导率与力学强度平衡能力.

关键词: 燃料电池, 高温质子交换膜, 大分子交联剂, 超支化聚合物, 聚苯并咪唑

Abstract:

In this study, we introduced a hyperbranched poly(p-chloromethylstyrene)(H-VBC) into a soluble high-molecular weight arylether-type polybenzimidazole(OPBI) matrix, and a new type of cross-linking system(OPBI/H-VBC-1 and OPBI/H-VBC-2) based on polybenzimidazole/hyperbranched polymer was obtained through the convenient solution blending-membrane casting preparation process. Finally, the comprehensive performance of the blend membranes was greatly improved. In comparison to the pristine OPBI membrane, the cross-linked blend membranes had more excellent dimensional stability and resistance to plasticization. After soaking in 85% phosphoric acid for 72 h, the volume swelling ratios of OPBI/H-VBC-2 and OPBI/H-VBC-QA-2(the quaternized membrane) were only 184.2% and 152.4%, respectively; while the swelling ratio of OPBI reached 336.5%. The maximum tensile strengths of OPBI/H-VBC-2 and OPBI/H-VBC-QA-2 reached 36.3 and 21.9 MPa, respectively, which were 56%—233% higher than the 10.9 MPa of OPBI membrane. We also found that the quaternized membranes had a higher ratio of proton conductivity to phosphoric acid absorption level than corresponding unquaternized ones. At 200 ℃, the proton conductivities of the quaternized composite membrane reached 151.5 and 103.4 mS/cm, respectively. Further, a comparative study showed that the quaternized cross-linked blend membranes had a better balance ability of proton conductivity and mechanical strength than most of the reported high-temperature proton exchange membranes(HT-PEMs).

Key words: Fuel cell, High-temperature proton exchange membrane, Macromolecular crosslinking agent, Hyperbranched polymer, Polybenzimidazole

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