高等学校化学学报

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (10): 1896.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2-氯吡啶气相光氯化反应机理的量子化学研究

郝金库, 华芳, 杨恩翠, 曹映玉, 杨琨, 赵妍   

  1. 天津师范大学化学与生命科学学院, 天津300074
  • 收稿日期:2004-09-28 出版日期:2005-10-10 发布日期:2005-10-10
  • 基金资助:

    天津市自然科学基金(批准号:003602011)资助.

Quantum Chemistry Studies on Mechanism of Gas Phase Photochemical Chlorination of 2-Chloropyridine

HAO Jin-Ku, HUA Fang, YANG En-Cui, CAO Ying-Yu, YANG Kun, ZHAO Yan   

  1. College of Chemistry and Life Science,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300074,China
  • Received:2004-09-28 Online:2005-10-10 Published:2005-10-10

PDF (PC)

被引次数

1

摘要： 用量子化学DFT方法在B3LYP/3-21G*水平下研究了2-氯吡啶气相光氯化取代反应生成2,3-二氯吡啶、2,4-二氯吡啶、2,5-二氯吡啶和2,6-二氯吡啶不同产物的过渡态,并计算了活化能.结果表明,生成2,6-二氯吡啶过渡态的能量最低,所需的活化能也最低,反应优先生成2,6-二氯吡啶.生成2,6-二氯吡啶的IRC结果显示反应过程中C—H键的断裂和C—C l键的生成协同但不同步.过渡态的构型接近于产物,是一个晚期过渡态.C l原子在反应进程中是给电子的,因此,氯自由基与2-氯吡啶反应是亲核取代的SN2机理.

关键词: 2-氯吡啶, 光氯化, 过渡态, DFT

Abstract: The gas phase reaction mechanism of the photochemical chlorination of 2-chloropyridine was theoretically studied by using DFT B3LYP/3-21G~* method.The activation energy leading to 2,3-dichloropyridine,2,4-dichloropyridine,2,5-dichloropyridine and 2,6-dichloropyridine were also calculated respectively.The calculated results consistently show that the energy of transition state and the activation energy for the formation of 2,6-dichloropyridine were the lowest among the four reaction pathways.Therefore,the main product should be 2,6-dichloropyridine.The IRC result showed that the breaking of C—H and the forming of C—Cl were concerted but not synchronous.The structure of the transition state was near to 2,6-dichloropyridine,which showed that it was a late transition state.During the whole reaction processing,the Cl· acted as a nucleophilic specie,donating the electron.Therefore,S_N2 mechanism was speculated for the reaction of Cl· with 2-chloropyridine.

Key words: 2-Chloropyridine, Photochemical chlorination, Transition state, DFT

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