高等学校化学学报

高等学校化学学报

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

落入式量热法研究熔盐储热材料热力学性质

吴冰1,2，尹楠1,2，胡金玲3，魏小兰3，赵红1,4，史全2   

  1. 1.大连交通大学材料科学与工程学院

    2.中国科学院大连化学物理研究所，热化学实验室

    3.华南理工大学化学与化工学院 4.四川轻化工大学化学与环境工程学院

  • 收稿日期:2025-06-20 修回日期:2025-08-02 网络首发:2025-08-18 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 史全 E-mail:shiquan@dicp.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(批准号：22273100)、辽宁省科技计划项目(批准号：2024JH2/102600006)和大连化学物理研究所创新项目(批准号：DICP I202440)资助

Thermodynamic Property Study of Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage Materials Using Drop Calorimetric Technique

WU Bing1,2, YIN Nan1,2, HU Jinling3, WEI Xiaolan3, ZHAO Hong1,4, SHI Quan2   

  • Received:2025-06-20 Revised:2025-08-02 Online First:2025-08-18 Published:2025-08-18
  • Contact: SHI Quan E-mail:shiquan@dicp.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22273100), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Liaoning Province, China(No.2024JH2/102600006) and the Innovation Project of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, China(No.DICP I202440)

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摘要： 熔盐储热材料是当前高温储热技术领域备受关注的储热介质，对于其热力学性质的研究与理解是开展熔盐储热材料研究的重要基础。本文针对熔盐储热材料热力学性质测量与研究，建立了一台工作温区在400-1100K的高温落入式量热装置；通过测量标准物质α-Al2O3的焓值确定量热装置的测量准确度为±1%；利用测得的高纯度Sn固-液相变前后的焓值，分析得到量热装置的相变温度与焓值的测量偏差分别为-0.3%与-4.4%。使用本量热装置测量了NaNO3、KNO3及其二元混合熔盐（太阳熔盐，60%NaNO3-40%KNO3）在350-750K温区的焓值，通过数据拟合分别得到了固相与液相的焓值多项式方程，计算得到相变温度与相变焓值。研究结果表明，落入式量热法能够准确测量熔盐储热材料焓值、相变温度与相变焓值等热力学性质，可为熔盐储热材料热力学性质研究提供可靠的量热实验手段。

关键词:  , 落入式量热法；太阳熔盐；硝酸钾；硝酸钠；相变焓；相变温度；焓

Abstract: As heat storage media, molten salt thermal storage materials have received considerable attention in the field of high-temperature thermal storage technology. Research and understanding of their thermodynamic properties are fundamental to advancing molten salt thermal storage materials. In this study, a high-temperature drop calorimeter was constructed for measuring and analyzing the thermodynamic properties of molten salt thermal storage materials in the temperature range of 400-1100K. The accuracy of the drop calorimeter was determined to be ±1% by measuring the enthalpy of the standard material of α-Al2O3. By measuring the enthalpy values of high-purity Sn before and after its solid-liquid phase transition, the measurement deviations for phase transition temperature and enthalpy were determined to be ±1.2% and ±1.3%, respectively. The enthalpy values of NaNO3, KNO3, and Solar Salt (60%NaNO3-40%KNO3) were measured by the drop calorimeter in the temperature range of 350-750 K. Polynomial equations for the enthalpy of both the solid and liquid phases were obtained through data fitting, and the phase transition temperatures and enthalpy values were calculated. The results of this study indicate that the drop calorimetry method can accurately measure the enthalpy, phase transition temperature, phase transition enthalpy, and other thermodynamic properties of molten salt thermal storage materials, providing a reliable calorimetric experimental method for their thermodynamic research.

Key words: Drop calorimetry, Solar molten salt, Potassium nitrate, Sodium nitrate, Phase transition enthalpy; Phase transition temperature, Enthalpy

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