高等学校化学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 20220670.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220670

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

固态锂金属电池中原位聚合电解质的研究进展

徐攀1, 孔伟进1, 黄雪妍1, 孙硕1, 黄文泽1, 赵辰孜1,2()   

  1. 1.清华大学化学工程系
    2.车辆与运载学院, 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-14 出版日期:2023-05-10 发布日期:2022-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 赵辰孜 E-mail:zcz@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2500300)

Research Progresses of in situ Polymerized Electrolytes for Solid-state Lithium Metal Batteries

XU Pan1, KONG Weijin1, HUANG Xueyan1, SUN Shuo1, HUANG Wenze1, ZHAO Chenzi1,2()   

  1. 1.Department of Chemical Engineering
    2.School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
  • Received:2022-10-14 Online:2023-05-10 Published:2022-11-29
  • Contact: ZHAO Chenzi E-mail:zcz@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2500300)

摘要:

在下一代电池体系中, 固态金属锂电池具有高能量密度潜力, 同时有望避免目前电池面临的燃烧、 爆炸等安全隐患. 其中, 固态电解质和电极材料之间的固-固界面接触差是其实用化面临的重要挑战. 近年来, 经电池内部原位聚合反应制得的原位聚合电解质用于固态锂金属电池具备界面一体化提升固-固界面相容性、 抑制枝晶的形成、 抑制正极过渡金属离子/多硫化物/氧化还原介质的溶解/穿梭并提升电池电化学性能多种优势. 本文首先讨论了聚合电解质的反应机理, 然后分析了电池内部常见电解质的原位聚合原理, 总结了固态锂金属电池中原位聚合电解质的最新研究进展. 最后, 对未来原位聚合电解质的发展方向和商业化应用进行了展望.

关键词: 固态锂金属电池, 原位聚合, 固态电解质, 固-固界面

Abstract:

In the next-generation battery systems, solid-state lithium metal batteries possesses high energy density, which are also expected to avoid the potential safety issues such as combustion and explosion faced by current commercial batteries. However, the poor solid-solid contacts between solid-state electrolytes and electrodes are crucial challenges to hinder their practical applications. In recent years, the in situ polymerized electrolytes prepared by the in situ polymerization reactions inside the battery have multiple advantages for solid-state lithium metal batteries, including improved solid-solid interface compatibility via interface integration, Li dendrite suppression, inhibited dissolution/shuttle of cathode transition metal ions/polysulfides/redox mediators and enhanced electro- chemical performances. This review firstly discusses the reaction mechanism of polymerized electrolytes, and then analyzes the state-of-the-art in situ polymerized electrolytes. Furthermore, the recent research progresses of in situ polymerized electrolytes in solid-state lithium metal batteries is summarized, emphasizing the important roles in the battery cycling. Finally, the conclusion and future prospects on the commercial application of in situ polymerized electrolytes are presented.

Key words: Solid-state lithium metal battery, In situ polymerization, Solid-state electrolyte, Solid-solid interface

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