高等学校化学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 20210807.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20210807
收稿日期:
2021-11-29
出版日期:
2022-04-10
发布日期:
2022-02-17
通讯作者:
郭谨昌
E-mail:guojc@sxu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Received:
2021-11-29
Online:
2022-04-10
Published:
2022-02-17
Contact:
GUO Jinchang
E-mail:guojc@sxu.edu.cn
Supported by:
摘要:
采用密度泛函理论PBE0方法, 在aug-cc-pVTZ水平上理论预测了含平面五配位硅和锗原子的XBe5H6 (X=Si, Ge)团簇. 势能面系统搜索及高精度量化计算表明, 它们均为全局极小结构. XBe5H6(X=Si, Ge)团簇整体呈完美的扇形结构: Si/Ge原子被5个金属Be原子配位; 4个H原子以桥基方式与Be原子相键连, 剩余的2个 H原子以端基方式与两端的Be原子成键. 化学键分析表明, XBe5H6(X=Si, Ge) 团簇中XBe5单元具有完全离域的1个π及3个σ键, 外围铍氢间形成4个Be—H—Be 三中心二电子(3c-2e)键及2个定域的Be—H键. XBe5单元上离域的2π及6σ电子赋予体系π和σ双重芳香性, 并使Si/Ge原子满足八隅律(或八电子规则). 能量分解-化学价自然轨道分析揭示, Si/Ge和Be5H6之间主要为电子共享键.
中图分类号:
TrendMD:
郭谨昌, 刘芳林. 平面五配位硅、 锗XBe5H6(X=Si, Ge)团簇. 高等学校化学学报, 2022, 43(4): 20210807.
GUO Jinchang, LIU Fanglin. Planar Pentacoordinate Silicon and Germanium in XBe5H6(X=Si, Ge) Clusters. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2022, 43(4): 20210807.
Fig.1 Optimized global minimum(GM) structures of SiBe5H6(1) and GeBe5H6(2) at the PBE0/aug?cc?pVTZ level along with seven lowest?lying isomer(nB—nH)Relative energies are listed in kJ/mol at the single?point CCSD(T) level using their PBE0 geometries, with zero?point energy(ZPE) corrections at PBE0. Values in parentheses are the relative energetics at single?point CCSD(T)/aug?cc?pVTZ//B3LYP/aug?cc?pVTZ level, including ZPE corrections at B3LYP.
Fig.2 Bond distances(nm, A1, B1), Wiberg bond indices(WBIs, A2, B2), and natural atomic charges(|e|, A3, B3) of SiBe5H6(1)(A1—A3) and GeBe5H6(2)(B1—B3) clusters at the PBE0/aug?cc?pVTZ level
System | Interaction | ΔEint/ (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEPauli/ (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEelstata / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorba / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(1)b / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(2)b / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(3)b / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(4)b / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(rest)b / (kJ·mol-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiBe5H6 | — | -1438.1 | 719.91 | -1137.3 | -1020.7 | -14.4 | ||||
(52.7%) | (47.3%) | (1.4%) | ||||||||
X?Be5H6 electron? | -173.3 | |||||||||
sharing π bond | (17.0%) | |||||||||
X?Be5H6 electron? | -288.0 | -268.1 | -276.9 | |||||||
sharing σ bond | (28.2%) | (26.3%) | (27.1%) | |||||||
GeBe5H6 | — | -1503.4 | 873.2 | -1293.2 | -1083.4 | -20.3 | ||||
(54.4%) | (45.6%) | (2.0%) | ||||||||
X?Be5H6 electron? | -174.6 | |||||||||
sharing π bond | (16.1%) | |||||||||
X?Be5H6 electron? | -298.2 | -268.1 | -322.2 | |||||||
sharing σ bond | (27.5%) | (24.7%) | (29.7%) |
Table 1 EDA-NOCV results of XBe5H6(X=Si, Ge) cluster at the PBE0/TZ2P//PBE0/aug-cc-pVTZ level, using X(3s13px13py13pz1) and Be5H6(Quintet) as interacting fragments
System | Interaction | ΔEint/ (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEPauli/ (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEelstata / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorba / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(1)b / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(2)b / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(3)b / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(4)b / (kJ·mol-1) | ΔEorb(rest)b / (kJ·mol-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiBe5H6 | — | -1438.1 | 719.91 | -1137.3 | -1020.7 | -14.4 | ||||
(52.7%) | (47.3%) | (1.4%) | ||||||||
X?Be5H6 electron? | -173.3 | |||||||||
sharing π bond | (17.0%) | |||||||||
X?Be5H6 electron? | -288.0 | -268.1 | -276.9 | |||||||
sharing σ bond | (28.2%) | (26.3%) | (27.1%) | |||||||
GeBe5H6 | — | -1503.4 | 873.2 | -1293.2 | -1083.4 | -20.3 | ||||
(54.4%) | (45.6%) | (2.0%) | ||||||||
X?Be5H6 electron? | -174.6 | |||||||||
sharing π bond | (16.1%) | |||||||||
X?Be5H6 electron? | -298.2 | -268.1 | -322.2 | |||||||
sharing σ bond | (27.5%) | (24.7%) | (29.7%) |
Fig.5 Plot of the deformation densities(Δρ) for EDA?NOCV analysis of SiBe5H6(1)The isovalues of the surfaces are 0.002. The direction of electron flow is from red to blue. Energy values are given in kJ/mol.
Fig.6 Nucleus independent chemical shifts(NICSs) for SiBe5H6(1)(A) and GeBe5H6(2)(B) clustersNICS(0)(blue color) is calculated at the center of a triangle, whereas NICS(0.1)(red color) is calculated at 0.1 nm above the X atom, Be—X and Be—X—Be triangle centers.
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