高等学校化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 3367.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20210460

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

核酸适体偶联药物的生物偶联构建技术与应用

赵卓, 王雪强()   

  1. 湖南大学化学化工学院, 分子科学与生物医学实验室, 化学生物传感与计量学国家重点实验室, 长沙 410082
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-01 出版日期:2021-11-10 发布日期:2021-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 王雪强 E-mail:wangxq@hnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0902300);湖南省湖湘青年英才计划项目(2019RS2022)

Investigations upon the Bioconjugation-based Construction Technologies and Applications of Aptamer-drug Conjugates

ZHAO Zhuo, WANG Xueqiang()   

  1. Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL),State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China
  • Received:2021-07-01 Online:2021-11-10 Published:2021-09-10
  • Contact: WANG Xueqiang E-mail:wangxq@hnu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0902300);the Huxiang Young Talent Program from Hunan Procince, China(2019RS2022)

摘要:

核酸适体被称为“化学抗体”, 具有与抗体类似或更加优异的特异性和亲和力, 可以精准地靶向靶蛋白, 与靶蛋白特异性结合. 此外, 核酸适体还具有获取简单、 合成简便、 易于进行化学修饰、 不易变性、 靶标范围广、 免疫原性低及细胞内化快等优点, 已被广泛应用于众多研究领域. 在癌症治疗领域, 核酸适体作为一种优异的靶向识别工具和药物递送载体, 可实现抗肿瘤药物的精准递送. 将核酸适体与药物分子偶联, 可通过核酸适体的靶向作用使药物分子随核酸适体共同进入靶细胞, 实现药物分子在靶细胞内的富集, 进而促进靶细胞的死亡. 近年来, 核酸适体偶联药物已成为癌症靶向治疗的前沿新兴领域, 希望通过该领域的深入研究为癌症靶向治疗领域提供新思路. 本文综合评述了以生物偶联技术构建的核酸适体偶联药物及其应用研究.

关键词: 核酸适体偶联药物, 靶向治疗, 癌症

Abstract:

Aptamers are called “chemical antibodies” and have similar or superior specificity and affinity as antibodies. And it can precisely target the target protein and specifically bind to the target protein. In addition, aptamers possess many advantages such as simple acquisition and synthesis, easy chemical modification, not easy to denature, a wide range of targets, low immunogenicity, and fast cell internalization. Therefore, aptamers have been widely utilized in various research fields. In the area of cancer therapy, aptamers, as an excellent target identification tool and drug delivery vehicle, can precisely deliver anticancer drugs to tumor tissues. By coupling the nucleic acid aptamer to the drug molecule, we can make the drug molecule enter the targeted cells along with the aptamer through the targeting effect of the aptamer, so as to achieve the enrichment of the drug molecule in the targeted cells, and then produce the growth inhibitory effect on the targeted cells. In recent years, aptamer-drug conjugates have evolved into a frontier emerging field of cancer targeted therapy. It is hoped that through the study of nucleic acid aptamer conjugated drugs, new perspectives in targeted cancer treatment will be provided. This article reviewed the studies on aptamer-drug conjugates constructed by bioconjugation technologies and their applications.

Key words: Aptamers-drug conjugate, Targeted therapy, Cancer

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