膨胀蛭石包覆聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒/水泥复合泡沫材料的制备及性能

doi:10.7503/cjcu20170654

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用环氧树脂将膨胀蛭石黏附在聚苯乙烯发泡(EPS)颗粒表面上, 制备表面无机化包覆的EPS颗粒(CEPS), 将其与水泥胶凝材料混合, 制备CEPS/水泥复合泡沫材料. 探讨膨胀蛭石的包覆量及CEPS颗粒用量等对复合泡沫材料的力学性能和保温性能的影响, 并采用锥形量热法和喷枪火焰燃烧法研究了复合泡沫材料的防火性能. 研究结果表明, 复合泡沫的抗折强度、抗压强度、干密度和导热系数均随包覆量的增大而增加; 当CEPS颗粒用量为1000 mL时, 复合泡沫材料的干密度和导热系数较低, 分别为269.3 kg/m³和0.0544 W/(m·K), 抗折强度和抗压强度相对较高. 锥形量热实验结果表明, 随着包覆量的增加, 复合泡沫的最大热释放速率、总放热量和烟释放量都逐渐降低, 着火时间逐渐延长. 喷枪火焰燃烧法实验结果表明, 除了复合泡沫断面上与火焰接触的表面裸露的EPS颗粒燃尽外, 燃烧后断面结构都能够保持比较完整.

关键词: 聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒, 复合泡沫, 膨胀蛭石, 无机化包覆

Abstract:

Expanded polystyrene(EPS) particles were encapsulated with epoxy resin and then with expanded vermiculite(EV) to obtain surface inorganically modified EPS(CEPS) particles. The CEPS particles were mixed with cement, water and other additives, and cured at room temperature to prepare CEPS/cement composite foams. The effects of the coating amount and CEPS content on mechanical properties and insulation performance of the composite foams were investigated, and the fire resistance of composite foam materials was also studied by cone calorimetry and butane flame spray combustion. The results show that the flexural strength, compressive strength, dry density and thermal conductivity of the composite foams increase with the increase of the coating amount. The composite foam with 1000 mL of CEPS has lower dry density and thermal conductivity, which are 269.3 kg/m³and 0.0544 W/(m·K), respectively, and the flexural strength and compressive strength of the composite foam are relatively high. The cone calorimeter test results show that the peak heat release rate, total heat release and total smoke release of the composite foams are decreased gradually with the increase of the coating amount, and the ignition time of the foams is prolonged. The results of butane flame spray combustion indicate that the fractured surface of the composite foams can be maintained intact after burning, and only the EPS beads exposed on the fractured surface of the composite foams are burned out.

Key words: Expanded polystyrene particle, Composite foam, Expanded vermiculite, Inorganic coating

中图分类号:

O631

TrendMD:

王正洲, 杨婷. 膨胀蛭石包覆聚苯乙烯发泡颗粒/水泥复合泡沫材料的制备及性能. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(5): 1098.

WANG Zhengzhou,YANG Ting. Preparation and Properties of Expanded Vermiculite Coated Expanded Polystyrene/Cement Composite Foams^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2018, 39(5): 1098.

图/表 12

Table 1 Formulations of EPS/cement composite foams*

Sample code	Coated EPS	V(CEPS)/ mL	m(Cement)/g	m(H₂O)∶ m(Cement)	Sample code	Coated EPS	V(CEPS)/ mL	m(Cement)/g	m(H₂O)∶ m(Cement)
CEF1	CE-40	1000	200	0.45	CEF8	CE-40	1000	200	0.55
CEF2	CE-40	1000	200	0.50	CEF9	CE-40	1125	200	0.55
CEF3	CE-40	1000	200	0.55	CEF10	CE-40	1250	200	0.55
CEF4	CE-40	1000	200	0.60	CEF11	CE-30	1000	200	0.55
CEF5	CE-40	1000	200	0.65	CEF12	CE-40	1000	200	0.55
CEF6	CE-40	750	200	0.55	CEF13	CE-50	1000	200	0.55
CEF7	CE-40	875	200	0.55	CEF14	CE-60	1000	200	0.55

Fig.1 Effect of H2O-cement ratio on flexural and compressive strengths of composite foams

Fig.2 Effect of H2O-cement ratio on dry density and thermal conductivity of composite foams

Fig.3 Effect of CEPS content on flexural and compressive strengths of composite foams

Fig.4 Effect of CEPS content on dry density and thermal conductivity of composite foams

Fig.5 Effect of CEPS with different coating amounts of expanded vermiculite on flexural and compressive strengths of composite foams

Fig.6 Effect of CEPS with different coating amounts of expanded vermiculite on dry density and thermal conductivity of composite foams

Fig.7 HRR curve of the composite foams Note:a. CEF11; b. CEF12; c. CEF13; d. CEF14.

Table 2 CCT results of the composite foams

Sample code	TTI/s	PHRR/(kW·m^-2)	THR/(MJ·m^-2)	TSR/(m²·m^-2)
CEF11	23	78	11.0	33.1
CEF12	51	62	8.1	24.7
CEF13	85	59	7.8	20.6
CEF14	90	57	5.7	8.7

Fig.8 TSR curve of the composite foams Note: a. CEF11; b. CEF12; c. CEF13; d. CEF14.

Fig.9 Pictures of residues of the composite foams after burning Note:A) CEF11; (B) CEF12; (C) CEF13; (D) CEF14.

Fig.10 Photos of fractured surfaces of the composite foams before(A—D) and after(E—H) the spray flame burning Note:(A, E) CEF11; (B, F) CEF12; (C, G) CEF13; (D, H) CEF14.

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