无机盐对支状嵌段聚醚破乳作用的影响

doi:10.7503/cjcu20130915

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过阴离子聚合反应合成了一种七支状聚氧丙烯/聚氧乙烯(PPO/PEO)三嵌段聚醚; 考察了不同无机盐存在时对原油乳状液的破乳效果的影响; 通过界面张力、浊点和界面膨胀流变性的测定探讨了其界面聚集行为和破乳作用对无机盐的依赖性. 结果表明, 盐溶型无机离子存在时, 能提高聚醚的破乳效果, 而盐析型无机离子存在时, 不利于聚醚的破乳作用; 温度升高破乳速度加快, 但45 ℃时脱出的水质最清.

关键词: 支状嵌段聚醚, 原油乳状液, 界面活性, 界面流变性, 破乳作用

Abstract:

The poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock polyether with seven branches(AE73) was synthesized by anionic polymerization and its demulsification for crude oil emulsion and aggregation behavior at oil/water interface were investigated in the presence of different inorganic salts. The influence mechanism of inorganic salts on the demulsification of AE73 for crude oil emulsion was studied by interfacial tension, cloud point and interfacial dilational rheology measurements. The results show that the demulsification of AE73 is enhanced in the presence of the “salting in” ions and decreased in the presence of “salting out” ions. The rate of dehydration becomes good with increasing of temperature, but the quality of dehydrated water is best at 45 ℃. This study may provide useful data for the selection and application of chemicals used in gathering and transportation of crude oil.

Key words: Branched block polyether, Crude oil emulsion, Interfacial activity, Interfacial dilational rheology, Demulsification

中图分类号:

O648

TrendMD:

苑敬, 翟雪如, 徐桂英, 谭业邦, 张健. 无机盐对支状嵌段聚醚破乳作用的影响. 高等学校化学学报, 2014, 35(2): 325.

YUAN Jing, ZHAI Xueru, XU Guiying, TAN Yebang, ZHANG Jian. Influence of Inorganic Salts on the Demulsification of Block Polyether with Seven Branches for Crude Oil Emulsion^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(2): 325.

图/表 9

Fig.1 Molecular structures of AE73 and hydrophobic modified polyacrylamide(HMPAM) (A) AE73, M=1.01×104; (B) HMPAM, M=1.849×107.

Fig.2 Effect of temperature on the demulsification of AE73Temperature/℃: a. 25; b. 45; c. 65.

Fig.3 Effect of inorganic salts on water quality at 60 min at different temperaturesa.Blank; b.AE73; c.AE73/NaCl; d.AE73/MgCl2; e.AE73/CaCl2; f.AE73/NaI; g.AE73/NaSCN. Temperature/℃: (A) 25; (B) 45; (C) 65.

Table 1 Effect of inorganic salt on water quality at 180 min and different temperatures

Sample	65 ℃			45 ℃			25 ℃
Sample	Oil-water interface	Dehydration water	Hang wall	Oil-water interface	Dehydration water	Hang wall	Oil-water interface	Dehydration wall	Hang wall
Blank	Indistinct	Slightly turbid	Hang	Indistinct	Turbid	Hang	Indistinct	Turbid	Hang
Without Salt	Neat	Slightly turbid	Not hang	Neat	Clearly	Slightly hang	Neat	Turbid	Slightly hang
1 mol/L NaCl	Neat	Slightly turbid	Slightly hang	Neat	Clearly	Not hang	Slightly neat	Turbid	Hang
0.5 mol/L MgCl₂	Neat	Slightly turbid	Not hang	Neat	Clearly	Not hang	Neat	Turbid	Hang
0.5 mol/L CaCl₂	Neat	Slightly turbid	Not hang	Neat	Clearly	Not hang	Slightly neat	Turbid	Hang
1 mol/L NaI	Neat	Slightly turbid	Not hang	Neat	Clearly	Slightly hang	Neat	Turbid	Slightly hang
1 mol/L NaSCN	Neat	Slightly turbid	Not Hang	Indistinct	Clearly	Slightly hang	Neat	Turbid	Slightly hang

Fig.4 Effect of inorganic salts on the demulsification of AE73 at 45 ℃—■ — Blank; —●— without salt; —▲— 0.5 mol/L CaCl2; —▼— 0.5 mol/L MgCl2; —?— 1 mol/L NaCl; —?— 1 mol/L NaI; —◆— 1 mol/L NaSCN.Inset shows the curve of the turning points enlarge.

Fig.5 Effect of inorganic salts on the cloud point (tcp) of aqueous AE73 solution

Fig.6 Interfacial tension curves of 100 mg/L AE73 in the absence and presence of inorganic salts at 25 ℃ (A) Equilibrium interfacial tension at n-heptane/water interface; (B) dynamic interfacial tension at n-heptane/water interface.

Fig.7 Dilational rheological property of AE73 at n-heptane/water interface in the absence and presence of inorganic saltsa. Without salt; b. 0.5 mol/L CaCl2; c. 0.5 mol/L MgCl2; d. 1 mol/L NaCl; e. 1 mol/L NaSCN; f. 1 mol/L NaI. ε: Dilational modulus; εd: dilational elastic modulus; ηωd: dilational viscous modulus. Dilational frequency: 0.01 Hz, cAE73=100 mg/L.

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of demulsification of branched polyether(A) and contact point and distribution of block polyether(B)Effect of salts with salting out and salting in type. Blue: PO group; Red: EO group; Green: Ether oxygen atoms; Gray balls: water-drop.

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