高等学校化学学报

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 2674-2680.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20130686

• 高分子化学 • 上一篇    

改性可膨胀石墨的制备及在硬质聚氨酯泡沫中的阻燃性能

许冬梅, 丁飞, 郝建薇, 杜建新   

  1. 北京理工大学材料学院, 阻燃材料研究国家专业实验室, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2013-07-19 出版日期:2013-11-10 发布日期:2013-09-29
  • 作者简介:郝建薇,女,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事阻燃材料方面的研究,E-mail:hjw@bit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划(批准号:2008BAC41B01)资助.

Preparation of Modified Expandable Graphite and Its Flame Retardant Application in Rigid Polyurethane Foam

XU Dong-Mei, DING Fei, HAO Jian-Wei, DU Jian-Xin   

  1. National Laboratory of Flame Retardant Materials, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2013-07-19 Online:2013-11-10 Published:2013-09-29

PDF (PC)

621

被引次数

21

摘要：

采用表面接枝硅烷偶联剂法将硼酸负载在可膨胀石墨(EG)表面制得了改性EG(MEG), 并考察了MEG在硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)中的阻燃性能. 利用扫描电子显微镜、 X射线光电子能谱、 傅里叶变换红外光谱、 膨胀试验及热失重分析对MEG进行了形貌、 元素组成及结构性能表征, 通过热失重分析、 极限氧指数(LOI)及锥形量热仪考察了RPUF/MEG的热稳定性及燃烧性能. 结果表明, 硼硅化合物作为硅硼陶瓷前驱体已负载在EG表面; MEG及RPUF/MEG体系膨胀炭层更为致密, 800 ℃时的残余量分别较EG和RPUF/EG提高了8.7%和3.7%; RPUF/MEG体系的LOI较RPUF/EG有所提高, 热释放速率峰值降低了10%, 产烟速率及CO生成速率均显著降低. RPUF/MEG阻燃性能的提高与MEG负载的硅硼陶瓷前驱体促进了阻燃RPUF各组分间的相互作用及增强了炭层的阻隔性有关.

关键词: 改性可膨胀石墨, 硼酸, 热稳定性, 硬质聚氨酯泡沫, 阻燃性能

Abstract:

The modified expandable graphite(MEG) was prepared by grafting silane coupling agent and then loading boric acid on the surface of expandable graphite(EG), then investigate the flame retardant application of MEG in rigid polyurethane foam(RPUF). The morphology, elemental composition and structure, properties of MEG were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), Fourier transform infrared(FTIR), expansion test and thermogravimetric analysis(TG), the thermal stability and combustion behaviour of RPUF/MEG were investigated by TG, limiting oxygen index(LOI) test and cone calorimeter. The results show that boric silicon compound is deposited on the surface of EG as ceramic precursor. The expansion char layer of MEG and RPUF/MEG become denser, and the mount of residual char of MEG and RPUF/MEG are increased by 8.7% and 3.7% at 800 ℃, respectively. Compare to RPUF/EG, the LOI of RPUF/MEG system is somewhat increased, the peak value of heat release is reduced by 10%, smoke production rate and CO release rate are also decreased significantly. Improving of RPUF/MEG system in flame retardation is related to participation of boric silicon ceramic precursor which promotes the effect of each component and enhanced the barrier property of char layer.

Key words: Modified expandable graphite, Boric acid, Thermal stability, Rigid polyurethane foam, Flame retardancy

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