Synthesis of Phosphaphenanthrene-modified Cardanol-based Polyol and Its Performance as Flame Retardant in Rigid Polyurethane Foams

doi:10.7503/cjcu20210847

Abstract

Abstract:

A phosphaphenanthrene-modified cardanol-based polyol（P-Cardanol-Polyol） was synthesized from car-danol and 9，10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide（DOPO）， and its structure was characterized by ¹H and ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） spectra. Subsequently， P-Cardanol-Polyol was used to prepare a series of flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams（RPUFs）. The effects of P-Cardanol-Polyol on the morphology， density， thermal conductivity， compression property， thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of RPUFs were investigated. The results showed that P-Cardanol-Polyol had a negligible effect on the density of RPUFs； with the increased amount of P-Cardanol-Polyol， the average pore size and the thermal conductivity of flame-retardant RPUFs decreased gradually. The maximum heat release rate and total heat release of the unmodified RPUF were 390 kW/m² and 31.9 MJ/m²， respectively， while those of flame-retardant RPUF were reduced to 340 kW/m² and 24.6 MJ/m². In addition， the compressive strength of flame-retardant RPUF was about 13% higher than that of unmodified RPUF. The results of char analysis showed that P-Cardanol-Polyol can promote the formation of a continuous and dense char layer with good thermal-oxidative resistance， which is conducive to reducing the escape of combustible gases during combustion， so as to improve the flame-retardant performance.

Key words: Rigid polyurethane foams, Cardanol-based polyol, Phosphaphenanthrene, Flame retardant, Thermal decomposition

CLC Number:

O633

TrendMD:

TANG Gang, SUN Junjie, ZHANG Dongxin, WU Qiang, ZHANG Hexin, SHEN Haifeng, TAO Yi, LIU Xiuyu. Synthesis of Phosphaphenanthrene-modified Cardanol-based Polyol and Its Performance as Flame Retardant in Rigid Polyurethane Foams[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2022, 43(4): 20210847.

Figures/Tables 13

References 24

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Sample	m（LY?4110）/g	m（A33）/g	m（DBTDL）/g	m（DW）/g	m（AK8805）/g	m（TEOA）/g	m（P?Cardanol?Polyol）/g	m（PM?200）/g
RPUF	100	1	0.5	2	2	3	0	135
RPUF?1	90	1	0.5	2	2	3	10	135
RPUF?2	80	1	0.5	2	2	3	20	135
RPUF?3	70	1	0.5	2	2	3	30	135

Sample	m（LY?4110）/g	m（A33）/g	m（DBTDL）/g	m（DW）/g	m（AK8805）/g	m（TEOA）/g	m（P?Cardanol?Polyol）/g	m（PM?200）/g
RPUF	100	1	0.5	2	2	3	0	135
RPUF?1	90	1	0.5	2	2	3	10	135
RPUF?2	80	1	0.5	2	2	3	20	135
RPUF?3	70	1	0.5	2	2	3	30	135

Sample	T_5%/℃	T_30%/℃	T_HRI/℃	T_max/℃	Residues at 700 ℃（%）
RPUF	256	310	141	343	16.7
RPUF?1	257	302	139	310	19.5
RPUF?2	258	304	140	302	20.8
RPUF?3	267	310	143	310	21.2

Sample	T_5%/℃	T_30%/℃	T_HRI/℃	T_max/℃	Residues at 700 ℃（%）
RPUF	256	310	141	343	16.7
RPUF?1	257	302	139	310	19.5
RPUF?2	258	304	140	302	20.8
RPUF?3	267	310	143	310	21.2

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