Preparation and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2 Hollow Spheres†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20160544

Abstract

Abstract:

Using polystyrene spheres(PS) latex as the template, In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂ hollow spheres were prepared by one-step method combined with calcination treatment. The structure, composition and morphology of the composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-Vis DRS), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and N₂ absorption-desorption measurements. The results showed that In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂ hollow sphere was mainly anatase TiO₂ and its optical absorption red-shifted slightly. In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂ hollow spheres also showed higher activity for hydrogen production, its hydrogen production was higher than that of P25, ZrO₂, hollow sphere ZrO₂-TiO₂ and powder In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂.

Key words: Polystyrene, Hollow sphere, In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂, One-step method, Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

CLC Number:

O644

TrendMD:

ZHANG Jingjing, LI Li, HAO Yuting, SUN Leilei, ZHANG Xinyue. Preparation and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂ Hollow Spheres^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2017, 38(2): 238.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 XRD patterns of In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H(a), In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2(b), ZrO2-TiO2-H(c), TiO2(d), ZrO2(e) and In2O3(JCPDS No. 22-0336)(f)

Table 1 BET surface areas(SBET), average pore diameters(D), pore volumes(Vtotal ), crystallite size(D), band-gap energy(Eg) and cell parameters of In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2 and In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H

Sample	S_BET/(m²·g^-1)	D/nm	V_total/(cm³·g^-1)	D/nm	E_g/eV	Crystal parameter/nm
Sample	S_BET/(m²·g^-1)	D/nm	V_total/(cm³·g^-1)	D/nm	E_g/eV	a	c
In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂	57.45	10.78	0.155	19.16	3.09	0.3822	0.9735
In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂-H	66.92	11.24	0.188	24.10	3.15	0.3802	0.9661

Fig.2 Full scan XPS spectrum(A) and O1s(B), Ti2p(C), Zr3d(D) and In3d(E) XPS spectra of In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H

Fig.3 SEM images of PS(A) and In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H(B)

Fig.4 UV-Vis DRS spectra(A) and Kubelka-Munk energy curve plots(B) of ZrO2(a), TiO2(b), In2O3(c), ZrO2-TiO2-H(d), In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2(e) and In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H(f)

Table 2 Absolute electronegativity(X/eV), energy band gaps(Eg/eV), conduction band potential(ECB/eV) and valence band potential(EVB/eV) of In2O3, ZrO2 and TiO2

Semiconductor	X/eV	E_g/eV	E_CB/eV	E_VB/eV
In₂O₃	5.28	2.53	-0.48	2.05
ZrO₂	5.91	3.75	-0.46	3.30
TiO₂	5.81	3.22	-0.30	2.92

Fig.5 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H(A) and In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2(B) The insets show the BJH pore size distribution of the corresponding samples.

Fig.6 Hydrogen production amount of different photocatalysts(t=8 h)(A) and capture test results for UV photocatalytic degradation of MO using In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H(B) (A) a. P25; b. ZrO2; c. ZrO2-TiO2-H; d. In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2; e. In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H. (B) a. Benzoquinone; b. triethanolamine; c. tert-butanol; d. In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H.

Fig.7 Possible photocatalytic reaction mechanism of In2O3/ZrO2-TiO2-H

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Preparation and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of In₂O₃/ZrO₂-TiO₂ Hollow Spheres^†

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