Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 20250170.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20250170

• Physical Chemistry • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Thermodynamic Property of Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage Materials Using Drop Calorimetric Technique

WU Bing1,2, YIN Nan1,2, HU Jinling3, WEI Xiaolan3, ZHAO Hong1,4(), SHI Quan2()   

  1. 1.College of Materials Science and Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China
    2.Thermochemistry Laboratory,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dalian 116023,China
    3.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China
    4.College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Sichuan University of Science and Engineering,Zigong 643000,China
  • Received:2025-06-20 Online:2025-11-10 Published:2025-08-18
  • Contact: ZHAO Hong, SHI Quan E-mail:zhaohong@suse.edu.cn;shiquan@dicp.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22273100);the Science and Technology Planning Project of Liaoning Province, China(2024JH2/102600006);the Innovation Project of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, China(DICP I202440)

Abstract:

As heat storage media, molten salt thermal storage materials have received considerable attention in the field of high-temperature thermal storage technology. Research and understanding of their thermodynamic properties are fundamental to advancing molten salt thermal storage materials. In this study, a high-temperature drop calorimeter was developed for investigating the thermodynamic properties of molten salt thermal energy storage materials. The accuracy of the drop calorimeter was determined to be ±0.5% by measuring the enthalpy of the standard material of α-Al2O3. By measuring the enthalpy values of high-purity Sn before and after its solid-liquid phase transition, the measurement deviations for phase transition temperature and enthalpy from the differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) measurement results were determined to be ±0.12% and ±1.3%, respectively. The enthalpy values of NaNO3, KNO3, and solar salt(60%NaNO3-40%KNO3) were measured by the drop calorimeter in the temperature range of 350—750 K. Polynomial equations for the enthalpy of both the solid and liquid phases were obtained through data fitting, and the phase transition temperatures and enthalpy values were calculated. The results of this study indicate that the drop calorimetry method can accurately measure the enthalpy, phase transition temperature, phase transition enthalpy, and other thermodynamic properties of molten salt thermal storage materials, providing a reliable calorimetric experimental method for their thermodynamic research.

Key words: Drop calorimetric technique, Solar molten salt, Potassium nitrate, Sodium nitrate, Phase transition enthalpy, Phase transition temperature, Enthalpy

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