Lignin Impacts on the Lignin-urea-formaldehyde Copolymer Resin and the Reaction Mechanism†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20180778

Abstract

Abstract:

By regulating the molar ratio of formaldehyde and urea to reduce the content of free formaldehyde in urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, using biomass corn cob as raw material to extract lignin with alkali solution, the alkali lignin solution was gradually copolymerized with formaldehyde and urea to compensate for the problem of rapid decrease in the bonding strength caused by the reduction of aldehyde urea ratio. With reducing the free formaldehyde content and taking into account the bonding strength as a principle to explore, the best experimental conditions were obtained: formaldehyde to urea molar ratio of F/U is 0.91∶1, the amount of lignin added is 20%(mass fraction), under these conditions, the lignin-urea-formaldehyde(LUF) copolymer resin has a bonding strength of 0.99 MPa and a free formaldehyde content of 0.26%. The characterization results of the copolymer resin using HR-MS, XPS, FTIR and TG show that lignin can participate in the reaction and improve the thermal stability and water resistance of the resin. At the same time, the mechanism of the reaction was discussed.

Key words: Lignin, Free formaldehyde, Urea-formaldehyde copolymer resin, Ternary copolymer

CLC Number:

O632

TrendMD:

DUAN Yajun,CHENG Yanyan,SUI Guanghui,ZHU Yanchao,WANG Xiaofeng,GUO Yupeng,WANG Zichen. Lignin Impacts on the Lignin-urea-formaldehyde Copolymer Resin and the Reaction Mechanism^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2019, 40(5): 1058.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Effect of changing molar ratio on bonding strength and free formaldehyde content

Fig.2 Effect of lignin content on the bonding strength and free formaldehyde content of LUF Molar ratio of F/U: (A) 1.17∶1; (B) 1.04∶1; (C) 0.91∶1; (D) 0.78∶1.

Table 1 Effect of lignin on the water resistance of the resin

Molar ratio of F/U	Lignin content(%)	Water resistance test	Bonding strength/MPa	Molar ratio of F/U	Lignin content(%)	Water resistance test	Bonding strength/MPa
1.04∶1	0	Fail	—	0.91∶1	0	Fail	—
	10	Pass	0.69		10	Fail	—
	20	Pass	0.78		15	Pass	0.21
	30	Pass	0.47		20	Pass	0.33
	40	Fail	—		25	Fail	—
					30	Fail	—

Fig.3 TG curves of UF(a) and LUF(b)

Fig.4 FTIR spectra of lignin(a) and hydroxymethyl lignin(b)

Fig.5 FTIR spectra of UF(a) and LUF(b)

Scheme 1 Main reactions in the synthesis of UF

Scheme 2 Main reactions in the synthesis of LUF

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