高等学校化学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 20250360.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20250360

• 材料化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

三维Si3N4-BN陶瓷框架的原位燃烧合成以增强环氧复合材料导热性

曹欣鹏1,3, 孟晴2(), 戴浩宇1,3(), 江雷1,3   

  1. 1.中国科学院理化技术研究所仿生智能界面科学实验室, 北京 100190
    2.低温科学与技术全国重点实验室, 北京 100190
    3.中国科学院大学未来技术学院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-28 出版日期:2026-03-10 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 孟晴,戴浩宇 E-mail:mengqing@mail.ipc.ac.cn;daihaoyu@iccas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(92263205)

Three-dimensional Si3N4-BN Ceramic Framework Prepared by in-situ Combustion Synthesis for Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Epoxy Composites

CAO Xinpeng1,3, MENG Qing2(), DAI Haoyu1,3(), JIANG Lei1,3   

  1. 1.Laboratory of Bio?Inspired Smart Interface Science,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Beijing 100190,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Cryogenics,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China
    3.School of Future Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2025-11-28 Online:2026-03-10 Published:2025-12-24
  • Contact: MENG Qing, DAI Haoyu E-mail:mengqing@mail.ipc.ac.cn;daihaoyu@iccas.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92263205)

摘要:

提出了一种基于原位燃烧合成的策略, 以低成本的Si, B₂O₃和α-Si₃N₄粉末为反应前驱体, 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为造孔剂, 通过一步法快速制备出孔隙率可控的三维结构的Si₃N₄-BN陶瓷(3D-SNBN)框架. 随后, 采用真空抽滤法将环氧树脂(EP)浸渍填充至该多孔骨架中, 构建了高性能的3D-SNBN/EP复合材料. 实验结果表明, 即使在3D-SNBN框架负载量(体积分数)仅为57.9%的条件下, 复合材料的热导率仍高达6.4 W·m-1·K-1, 比纯环氧树脂(0.22 W·m-1·K-1)和传统采用随机分散Si₃N₄-BN填料的复合材料(0.86 W·m-1·K-1)分别提升了2809%和644%. 此外, 该复合材料在加热与冷却过程中均表现出优异的动态热响应行为, 展现出快速的升温与散热能力, 进一步验证了其在实际热管理场景中的可靠性与应用潜力. 这种高性能、 可扩展的导热复合材料体系, 为高导热聚合物基材料的设计与制备提供了普适性强、 工艺简便的技术路径.

关键词: 高热导率, 聚合物复合材料, 多孔Si3N4-BN陶瓷, 原位燃烧合成, 热管理

Abstract:

Accompanied with the great progress on highly integrated soft electric devices consistent with Moore’s law, the demand for heat management with high efficiency is increasing, which makes the polymer-based heat dissipating materials attract intensive interest from both scientific and industrial communities. Therefore, to meet the demand, the construction of thermal conduction network in the polymer matrix is essential to improve the thermal conductivity of a polymer composites. Herein, a three-dimensional Si3N4-BN ceramic(3D-SNBN) framework was effectively prepared within one step in-situ combustion synthesis using low-cost Si, B2O3 and α-Si3N4 as raw materials and polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) as pore-forming agent. High-performance epoxy composites(SNBN/EP) were then prepared by impregnating epoxy resin(EP) into the 3D-SNBN framework. The thermal conductivity of the composites with a 3D-SNBN framework loading of 57.9%(volume fraction) was as high as 6.4 W·m-1·K-1, which exhibited a significant enhancement of 2809% and 644% compared with pure EP(0.22 W·m-1·K-1) and epoxy composites with conventional randomly dispersed Si3N4-BN powders(0.86 W·m-1·K-1). In addition, the composites exhibited outstanding thermal behaviors during heating and cooling processes accordingly, which further demonstrates their reliability and wide application potential in industrial heat management. The discovery not only provides a feasible material candidate for heat transfer in the future, but also offers a general strategy in high thermal conductive polymer matrix design and preparation.

Key words: High thermal conductivity, Polymer composites, Porous Si3N4-BN ceramic, In?situ combustion synthesis, Heat management

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