高等学校化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 1648.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20200863

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准二维钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究进展

岳胜利1,2, 武光宝3, 李星3, 李康2, 黄高胜2, 唐翌1(), 周惠琼2()   

  1. 1.湘潭大学物理与光电工程学院, 湘潭 411105
    2.国家纳米科学中心, 中国科学院纳米系统与多级次制造重点实验室, 北京 100190
    3.北京航天航空大学化学学院, 北京 100191
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-14 出版日期:2021-06-10 发布日期:2021-06-08
  • 通讯作者: 周惠琼 E-mail:tangyii@163.com;zhouhq@nanoctr.cn
  • 作者简介:唐 翌, 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事非线性物理、 低维量子体系中的动力学计算研究. E-mail: tangyii@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0206600);国家自然科学基金(21922505);中国科学院战略重点研究计划项目(XDB36000000)

Research Progress of Quasi-two-dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells

YUE Shengli1,2, WU Guangbao3, LI Xing3, LI Kang2, HUANG Gaosheng2, TANG Yi1(), ZHOU Huiqiong2()   

  1. 1.School of Physics and Optoelectronics,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Nano System and Hierarchical Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience,National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,Beijing 100190,China
    3.School of Chemistry,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
  • Received:2020-12-14 Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-06-08
  • Contact: ZHOU Huiqiong E-mail:tangyii@163.com;zhouhq@nanoctr.cn

摘要:

新型有机-无机杂化二维(2D)钙钛矿具有优良的光电性能、 结晶性和稳定性, 在太阳能电池领域引起广泛关注. 相比于三维(3D)钙钛矿, 由于有机间隔阳离子(OSC)的引入形成独特的层状晶体结构赋予了材料特殊性质: (1) 多层量子阱结构促成材料各项异性的光电性质; (2) 间隔阳离子改变前驱体团簇状态, 实现溶液中高质量的结晶; (3) 间隔层的疏水性质和抑制离子迁移作用, 从本源上改善了钙钛矿的稳定性. 近年来, 针对准2D钙钛矿太阳能电池(准2D-PSCs)展开了广泛研究, 并取得了一系列重要研究成果. 本文从准2D钙钛矿材料的晶体结构与取向、 相分布、 光电性质到器件的能量转化效率与稳定性等方面, 综合评述了近年来准 2D-PSCs的最新研究进展, 总结了晶体结构-材料性质-电池性能之间的作用机制, 并进一步展望了未来研究的趋势.

关键词: 准二维钙钛矿, 太阳能电池, 晶体结构, 相分布, 稳定性

Abstract:

Quasi-two-dimensional(2D) perovskite(organic-inorganic hybrid) has attracted enormous attention in solar cells due to its excellent stability, crystallinity and photoelectric properties. In contrast to the 3D perovskite, the unique layered crystal structure endows some extraordinary properties of quasi-2D perovskites, which is due to the intercalation of organic spacer cations(OSC) into the 3D framework. (1) The multilayer quantum wells create the anisotropic photoelectric properties. (2) The spacer cations change the environment of the clusters in precursor solution to achieve high-quality perovskite films. (3) The hydrophobic spacer layers with inhibition of ion migration realize excellent stability of quasi-2D perovskites films. However, the photoelectric transformation efficiency(PCE) of quasi-2D perovskite solar cells(PSCs) is still far less than that of 3D counterparts due to quantum confinement effect, dielectric confinement effect, non-preferred crystal orientation and random phase distributions of quasi-2D perovskites films. In order to solve these problems and achieve the balance between the PCE and stability of solar cells, it should be better understood of 2D perovskites from the crystal structures, photoelectric properties as well as the device performances. In this paper, we first introduce the crystal types including the (100), (110) and (111)-oriented structures. On this basis, the preferred orientations(out-of-plane and in-plane) and uniform/graded phase distributions are overviewed for the most studied (100)-oriented structure. To the understanding of the nucleation and crystallization processes of quasi-2D perovskite films, we then discuss the preparation methods from the perspective of one-step and two-step film-casting, respectively. Furthermore, we summarized the extensive researches on quasi-2D-PSCs and analyzed a series of significant results. Meanwhile, we highlight internal mechanism of quasi-2D perovskites stability and summarize superior long-term stability of quasi-2D perovskites and 3D/2D heterojunction perovskites. Last but not least, we further looked ahead to research trends in the future, such as: phase purity of 2D perovskites thin films, graded phase 2D perovskites thin films, modified interface, design of new organic spacer cations, 3D/2D heterojunction perovskites.

Key words: Quasi-2D perovskite, Solar cell, Crystal structure, Phase distribution, Stability

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