高疲劳寿命氯丁橡胶基减振材料的结构与性能

doi:10.7503/cjcu20190016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以氯丁橡胶(CR)为基体材料, 将新型反式-1,4-丁二烯-异戊二烯共聚橡胶(TBIR)引入传统CR减振基体中, 探讨TBIR在减振材料中的应用前景. 研究发现, 随着TBIR用量的增加, CR/TBIR混炼胶的强度及模量明显提升; CR/TBIR硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、压缩永久变形、动静刚度比及耐疲劳性能均得到改善, 特别是一级疲劳寿命提高了50%~400%(未填充体系)及40%~180%(填充体系), 六级疲劳寿命提高了60%~500%(未填充体系)及30%~120%(填充体系). 与未填充CR/TBIR硫化胶相比, 填充CR/TBIR硫化胶由于炭黑补强作用及填料-聚合物相互作用的引入, 屈挠疲劳寿命、撕裂强度及拉伸性能均显著提高. 与填充CR硫化胶相比, 填充CR/TBIR质量比为90/10的并用胶能够在保持硫化胶的损耗因子基本不变的基础上, 实现综合性能的平衡提升.

关键词: 减振材料, 氯丁橡胶, 反式-1,4-丁二烯-异戊二烯共聚橡胶, 耐疲劳, 撕裂强度

Abstract:

A new type of synthetic trans-1,4-poly(butadiene-co-isoprene) copolymer rubber(TBIR) was introduced into the traditional chloroprene rubber(CR) as damping matrix for railway track damping rubber cushion. It was found that CR/TBIR blends exhibited excellent comprehensive properties including significantly increased tensile strength and modulus of the CR/TBIR compounds, the obviously improved tensile strength, tear strength, compression permanent deformation, dynamic and static stiffness ratio and fatigue resistance of the CR/TBIR vulcanizates. Especially, the 1st flexural fatigue lifetimes showed 50%—400% improvements for unfilled CR/TBIR vulcanizates and 40%—180% improvements for the filled CR/TBIR vulcanizates; the 6th flexural fatigue lifetimes showed 60%—500% improvements for the unfilled CR/TBIR vulcanizates and 30%—120% improvements for filled CR/TBIR vulcanizates. Compared with the unfilled CR/TBIR vulcanizates, the 1st flexural fatigue lifetime, tear strength and tensile property of the filled CR/TBIR vulcanizates improved greatly, which were attributed to the better filler dispersion and improved filler-polymer interactions in the CR/TBIR vulcanizates. Compared with pure CR vulcanizate, m(CR)：m(TBIR)=90：10(mass ratio) vulcanizate exhibited balanced comprehensive performances with loss factor changed little.

Key words: Damping material, Chloroprene rubber, trans-1,4-Poly(butadiene-co-isoprene) copolymer rubber, Fatigue resistance, Tear strength

中图分类号:

O631.1⁺1

TrendMD:

张新萍, 张剑平, 蔡磊, 宗鑫, 贺爱华. 高疲劳寿命氯丁橡胶基减振材料的结构与性能. 高等学校化学学报, 2019, 40(7): 1571.

ZHANG Xinping, ZHANG Jianping, CAI Lei, ZONG Xin, HE Aihua. Structure and Properties of Damping Materials with Super Fatigue Resistance Based on Chloroprene Rubber^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2019, 40(7): 1571.

图/表 9

参考文献 36

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System m(CR)：m(TBIR)	Unfilled gum				Filled compound
System m(CR)：m(TBIR)	100：0	90：10	80：20	70：30	100：0	90：10	80：20	70：30
M_L/(dN·m)	0.85	0.96	1.06	1.26	2.97	2.96	3.13	3.59
M_H/(dN·m)	11.41	9.50	8.38	7.76	28.55	23.62	21.54	20.85
M_H-M_L/(dN·m)	10.56	8.54	7.32	6.50	25.58	20.66	18.41	17.26
t₁₀/min	1.87	1.76	1.79	1.71	1.48	1.36	1.31	1.32
t₉₀/min	19.93	18.66	17.65	17.47	19.00	16.74	15.58	14.15
v_r/min^-1	5.54	5.92	6.30	6.34	5.71	6.50	7.01	7.79

System m(CR)：m(TBIR)	Unfilled gum				Filled compound
System m(CR)：m(TBIR)	100：0	90：10	80：20	70：30	100：0	90：10	80：20	70：30
M_L/(dN·m)	0.85	0.96	1.06	1.26	2.97	2.96	3.13	3.59
M_H/(dN·m)	11.41	9.50	8.38	7.76	28.55	23.62	21.54	20.85
M_H-M_L/(dN·m)	10.56	8.54	7.32	6.50	25.58	20.66	18.41	17.26
t₁₀/min	1.87	1.76	1.79	1.71	1.48	1.36	1.31	1.32
t₉₀/min	19.93	18.66	17.65	17.47	19.00	16.74	15.58	14.15
v_r/min^-1	5.54	5.92	6.30	6.34	5.71	6.50	7.01	7.79

m(CR)：m(TBIR)	Aggregate size/μm	Dispersion degree(%)
100：0	12.70	75.36
90：10	12.60	77.37
80：20	12.44	77.61
70：30	12.43	77.46

m(CR)：m(TBIR)	Aggregate size/μm	Dispersion degree(%)
100：0	12.70	75.36
90：10	12.60	77.37
80：20	12.44	77.61
70：30	12.43	77.46

System m(CR)：m(TBIR)	Unfilled CR/TBIR vulcanizates				Filled CR/TBIR vulcanizates
System m(CR)：m(TBIR)	100：0	90：10	80：20	70：30	100：0	90：10	80：20	70：30
Tensile strength/MPa	10.5	12.9	13.0	13.8	19.6	19.8	20.2	20.4
Modulus at 100%/MPa	1.09	1.07	1.08	1.06	4.45	4.04	4.02	3.62
Modulus at 300%/MPa	1.68	1.64	1.65	1.67	—	—	20.02	16.71
Elongation at break(%)	675	711	726	782	277	283	310	353
Tear strength/(kN·m^-1)	46.6	50.8	52.2	51.8	114.3	111.0	117.3	115.6
Shore A hardness/(°)	53	53	57	59	73	74	76	77
Rebound(%)	59	57	56	54	44	41	38	37
Compression set(%)	15.2	14.4	14.3	13.5	17.6	17.2	16.4	16.0
Heat built-up/℃	—	—	24.1	21.7	43.8	41.8	40.2	38.7
Aging under air at 100 ℃ for 72 h
Tensile strength/MPa	5.4	6.0	6.5	7.3	19.2	17.8	16.8	15.4
Modulus at 100%/MPa	1.31	1.12	0.98	0.92	6.26	4.98	4.32	4.03
Modulus at 300%/MPa	2.31	1.95	1.76	1.73	—	—	—	—
Elongation at break(%)	534	554	580	610	212	239	262	270
Aging coefficient(%)	40.7	36.2	39.9	40.2	75.0	73.2	70.2	56.2