细粒径石蜡微胶囊相变材料的制备与性能

doi:10.7503/cjcu20140406

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用阳离子和非离子复配乳化剂, 通过原位聚合制备以丙烯酸酯为壁材, 石蜡为芯材的细粒径微胶囊相变材料. 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重(TG)及激光粒度仪分析表征了微胶囊相变材料的化学结构、表面形貌和热性能. 结果表明, 乳化剂的种类和壁材单体的配比对微胶囊性能有重要的影响. 当采用阳离子和非离子复配乳化剂, 壁材中单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)与丙烯酸(AA)的质量比为9∶1时, 微胶囊相变材料呈球形且表面光滑紧凑, 尺寸仅为0.2~0.35 μm, 具有良好的储热能力, 相变潜热高达169 J/g; 微胶囊中壁材对石蜡芯材的分解具有明显热阻滞作用, 分解温度比纯石蜡提高了150 ℃.

关键词: 复配乳化剂, 丙烯酸酯, 石蜡, 微胶囊相变材料, 相变潜热

Abstract:

Microcapsules of phase change materials(MicorPCMs) with paraffin core and acrylic ester shell were synthesized by cationic-nonionic composite emulsifiers via in-situ polymerization. The chemical structure, surface morphology and thermal properties of the MicroPCMs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), thermogravimetry(TG) and laser particle analyzer. The results show that the composition of emulsifier and the formulation of the monomer in shell have great effects on the properties of the MicroPCMs. When the cationic-nonionic composite emulsifiers are empolyed and the mass ratio between methyl methacrylate(MMA) and acrylic(AA) is 9∶1, the MicroPCMs present smooth, spherical morphology and fine size of 0.2—0.35 μm, providing a high latent heat of phase change of 169 J/g and a good energy storage capacity. The decomposition temperature of the MicorPCMs increase 150 ℃ in comparison with pure paraffin, which is attributed to the thermal retardation of the acrylic ester shell.

Key words: Composite emulsifier, Acrylic ester, Paraffin, Microcapsule phase-change material, Latent heat of phase change

中图分类号:

O632

TrendMD:

张秋香, 陈建华, 陆洪彬, 唐伟, 陆玉, 高扬之. 细粒径石蜡微胶囊相变材料的制备与性能. 高等学校化学学报, 2014, 35(10): 2258.

ZHANG Qiuxiang, CHEN Jianhua, LU Hongbin, TANG Wei, LU Yu, GAO Yangzhi. Preparation and Properties of Paraffin Microencapsulated Phase-change Materials with Fine Particle Size^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(10): 2258.

图/表 12

参考文献 27

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Sample	m(Paraffin)/g	m(Tween-80)/g	m(Span-80)/g	m(SDS)/g	m(CTAB)/g	m(MMA)/g	m(AA)/g
1	10	1.2	0.8			8	2
2	10	1	0.5	0.2		8	2
3	10	1	0.5		0.03	8	2
4		1	0.5		0.03	8	2
5	10	1	0.5		0.03	10
6	10	1	0.5		0.03	9	1
7	10	1	0.5		0.03	7	3
8	10	1	0.5		0.03	6	4
9	10	1	0.5		0.03	5	5

Sample	m(Paraffin)/g	m(Tween-80)/g	m(Span-80)/g	m(SDS)/g	m(CTAB)/g	m(MMA)/g	m(AA)/g
1	10	1.2	0.8			8	2
2	10	1	0.5	0.2		8	2
3	10	1	0.5		0.03	8	2
4		1	0.5		0.03	8	2
5	10	1	0.5		0.03	10
6	10	1	0.5		0.03	9	1
7	10	1	0.5		0.03	7	3
8	10	1	0.5		0.03	6	4
9	10	1	0.5		0.03	5	5

Emulsifier	T_om/℃	T_pm/℃	T_oc/℃	T_pc/℃	ΔH_m/(J·g^-1)	ΔH_c/(J·g^-1)	Paraffin content(%)
Pure paraffin	44.49	46.69	43.64	41.50	249.20	216.10	100
Cationic and non-ionic composite emulsifiers	41.20	45.74	43.10	41.26	127.96	126.23	54.63
Non-ionic emulsifier	41.84	44.98	42.17	39.51	94.42	76.75	36.79
Anionic and non-ionic composite emulsifiers	43.16	45.59	43.14	41.62	71.04	58.63	27.87

Emulsifier	T_om/℃	T_pm/℃	T_oc/℃	T_pc/℃	ΔH_m/(J·g^-1)	ΔH_c/(J·g^-1)	Paraffin content(%)
Pure paraffin	44.49	46.69	43.64	41.50	249.20	216.10	100
Cationic and non-ionic composite emulsifiers	41.20	45.74	43.10	41.26	127.96	126.23	54.63
Non-ionic emulsifier	41.84	44.98	42.17	39.51	94.42	76.75	36.79
Anionic and non-ionic composite emulsifiers	43.16	45.59	43.14	41.62	71.04	58.63	27.87

m(MMA)∶m(AA)	T_om/℃	T_pm/℃	T_oc/℃	T_pc/℃	ΔH_m/(J·g^-1)	ΔH_c/(J·g^-1)	Paraffin content(%)
Pure MMA	41.22	43.73	41.65	39.53	16.53	12.67	6.28
9∶1	42.05	46.53	43.12	41.09	168.57	164.76	71.64
8∶2	41.20	45.74	43.10	41.26	127.96	126.23	54.63
7∶3	43.26	45.59	43.11	42.12	105.86	94.91	43.15
6∶4	41.75	45.86	43.30	42.05	125.79	121.03	53.05
5∶5	42.89	45.55	43.04	41.35	48.92	44.94	20.17