高等学校化学学报 ›› 1983, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (5): 649.

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

鎓盐的固液相转移平衡研究(Ⅰ)——溴化四丁铵和羧酸钾的平衡常数测定

沈雨生, 郑珞, 赵英英   

  1. 吉林大学化学系
  • 收稿日期:1982-05-17 出版日期:1983-10-24 发布日期:1983-10-24

SOLID-LIQUID PHASE TRANSFER EQUILIBRIUM OF ONIUM SALTS ( Ⅰ )

Shen Yusheng, Zheng Luo, Zhao Yingying   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun
  • Received:1982-05-17 Online:1983-10-24 Published:1983-10-24

摘要: 目前广泛应用的液-液相转移催化反应有两个主要的缺点:一是有一些水分子会随着离子对一起萃入有机相并在其周围形成水化膜[1,2],这不仅会降低反应速度有时还会引起种种副反应[3,4]。

Abstract: The liquid-liquid phase transfer catalysis suffers from two shortcomings: (1) The water molecules coextracted form a hydration shell, which retards the reaction and, sometimes, results in side reactions. (2) It seems to be not applicable for highly hydrophilic anions. For such reactions the solid-liquid phase transfer may be more suitable. But the factors affecting these reactions have not been reported as yet. This paper is the first effort in this area.From the data listed the following conclusions may be obtained:1. The solid-liquid phase transfer is a truely reversible reaction.2. In solvent with higher polarity and/or with higher hydrogen bonddonorability the equilibrium constant increases.3. Decrease of the electron density on the carboxylate group, either by electron withdrawing group or by intramolecular hydrogen bonding, favours the transfer of the carboxylate into solution. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding disfavours it.4. Transfer of salts of divalent anions is negligible or hardly detectable.

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