电解液流速对锌镍单液流电池性能的影响

doi:10.7503/cjcu20130340

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 134.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20130340

电解液流速对锌镍单液流电池性能的影响

宋世野^1,², 潘君丽^1,², 文越华²(), 程杰², 潘军青¹, 曹高萍²

1. 北京化工大学理学院, 北京 100029
2. 北京防化研究院, 北京 100191

收稿日期:2013-04-15 出版日期:2014-01-10 发布日期:2013-07-10
作者简介:联系人简介: 文越华, 女, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事化学电源研究. E-mail:wen_yuehua@126.com
基金资助:
国家“九七三”计划项目(批准号: 2010CB227201)资助

Effects of Electrolyte Flow Speed on the Performance of Zn-Ni Single Flow Batteries^†

SONG Shiye^1,², PAN Junli^1,², WEN Yuehua^2,^*(), CHENG Jie², PAN Junqing¹, CAO Gaoping¹

1. College of Science, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
2. Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2013-04-15 Online:2014-01-10 Published:2013-07-10
Contact: WEN Yuehua E-mail:wen_yuehua@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过电化学测试、扫描电子显微镜观察和X射线衍射分析研究了电解液流速、电流密度和锌沉积面容量三者关系及对锌镍单液流电池充放电性能和负极锌沉积形貌的影响. 结果表明, 锌沉积面容量是影响锌镍单液流电池充放电效率和负极锌沉积形貌的最主要因素, 电解液流速不宜过高或过低. 随着锌沉积面容量的增大, 电池的充放电效率和循环稳定性对电流密度的变化更为敏感, 适宜的电解液流速范围变窄. 锌沉积面容量在25 mA·h/cm²以上, 锌沉积皆呈海绵状. 在较低锌沉积面容量下, 电解液流速也较低时, 海绵锌沉积较为均匀致密. 而在高的锌沉积面容量下, 海绵状锌沉积的团簇和颗粒变大, 不均匀性加重, 仅在适中的电解液流速(7.1 L/min)下, 锌沉积部分致密规整, 电池具有较好的充放电性能.

关键词: 锌镍单液流电池, 锌电沉积, 电解液流速, 锌沉积面容量, 充放电性能

Abstract:

The effects of current density, zinc deposition area capacity and electrolyte flow speed on the performance of Zn-Ni single flow batteries and zinc deposition morphology were investigated by electrochemical measurements combined with SEM observation and XRD analysis. The results show that the zinc deposition area capacity is the most important factor which influences the charge-discharge performance of Zn-Ni single flow batteries and zinc deposition morphology. The electrolyte flow speed should be neither high nor low. With the zinc deposition area capacity increasing, the charge-discharge efficiency and the cycling stability of test cells are more sensitive to the change of current density. Meanwhile, the preferable electrolyte flow speed range becomes narrow. The spongy zinc deposition is exhibited at zinc deposition area capacity beyond 25 mA·h/cm². But, at low zinc deposition area capacity and low electrolyte flow speed, the spongy zinc deposition is relatively uniform and compact. While, at higher zinc deposition area capacity, clusters and particles turn into larger and their irregularity is more serious. Only at the moderate electrolyte flow speed of 7.1 L/min, the zinc deposition is partly compact and regular and the preferable charge-discharge performance of the cell is exhibited.

Key words: Zn-Ni single flow battery, Zinc electro-deposition, Electrolyte flow speed, Zinc deposition area capacity, Charge-discharge performance

中图分类号:

O646.1

TrendMD:

宋世野, 潘君丽, 文越华, 程杰, 潘军青, 曹高萍. 电解液流速对锌镍单液流电池性能的影响. 高等学校化学学报, 2014, 35(1): 134.

SONG Shiye, PAN Junli, WEN Yuehua, CHENG Jie, PAN Junqing, CAO Gaoping. Effects of Electrolyte Flow Speed on the Performance of Zn-Ni Single Flow Batteries^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(1): 134.

图/表 8

Fig.1 Sketch map of single flow zinc-nickle cell

Fig.2 Charge-discharge efficiency vs. cycle number of test cells at a zinc deposition area capacity of 25 mA·h/cm2 Electrolyte flow speed/(L·min-1): (A) 2.9; (B) 7.1; (C) 9.2; (D) 10.0. Current density/(mA·cm-2): ■ □ 15; ● ○ 20; ▲ △ 25.

Fig.3 Charge-discharge efficiency vs. cycle number of test cells at a zinc deposition area capacity of 30 mA·h/cm2 Electrolyte flow speed/(L·min-1): (A) 2.9; (B) 4.7; (C) 9.2; (D) 10.0. Current density/(mA·cm-2): ■ □ 15; ● ○ 20; ▲ △ 25.

Fig.4 Charge-discharge efficiency vs. cycle number of test cells at the zinc deposition area capacity of 35 mA·h/cm2 Electrolyte flow speed/(L·min-1): (A) 2.9; (B) 7.1; (C) 9.2; (D) 10.0. Current density/(mA·cm-2): ■ □ 15; ● ○ 20; ▲ △ 25.

Fig.5 Variation of the average energy efficiency of batteries for 20 cycles at different zinc deposition area capacity and current density with electrolyte flow speed Area capacity of zinc deposition/(mA·h·cm-2): (A) 25; (B) 30; (C) 35. Current density/(mA·cm-2): ■ 15; ○ 20; ▲ 25.

Fig.6 Variation of average coulombic and energy efficiencies of test cells for 20 cycles with the zinc deposition area capacity at the electrolyte flow speed of 7.1 L/min and current density of 20 mA/cm2

Fig.7 Effects of electrolyte flow speed and deposition area capacity on the photographs(A—D) and SEM images(A'—D') of zinc deposits at current density of 20 mA/cm2 Deposition area capacity/(mA·h·cm-2): (A), (A'), (B), (B') 25; (C), (C'), (D), (D') 35. Electrolyte flow speed/(L·min-1): (A), (A'), (C), (C') 7.1; (B), (B'), (D), (D') 10.0.

Fig.8 XRD patterns of zinc deposits obtained at different electrolyte flow speed and deposition area capacityDeposition area capacity/(mA·h·cm-2): a, c. 25; b, d. 35. Electrolyte flow speed/(L·min-1): a, c. 7.1; b, d. 10.0.

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电解液流速对锌镍单液流电池性能的影响

Effects of Electrolyte Flow Speed on the Performance of Zn-Ni Single Flow Batteries^†

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电解液流速对锌镍单液流电池性能的影响

Effects of Electrolyte Flow Speed on the Performance of Zn-Ni Single Flow Batteries†

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Effects of Electrolyte Flow Speed on the Performance of Zn-Ni Single Flow Batteries^†