Abstract: Ilex publesccns Hook et Am is an evergreen bush. It is used in China as a herb medicine. We have isolated from the root a new triterpenc glyco-side, namely ilexolide A, which exhibits cardiac activity.Ilexolide A ( I ) is a white amorphous solid, m. p. 214-216℃, [α]_D + 54.5(c, 0.83, alc.). It was hydrolyzed to afford the aglycone, ilexolic acid (Ⅱ), m. p. 288-289℃, [α]_D + 437 (c. 0.89 DMF). Ilexolide Ais xyloside of ilexolic acid (Ⅱ).Ilexolic acid, C₃₀H₄₆O₃ (M⁺ 454.3463) is a new triterpene acid having the structure of (Ⅱ). Its structure has been determinated by a series of characteristic chemical reactions and spectroscopic methods. MS, NMR and IR. In order to establish the structure and stereochemistry, single crystal X-ray structure analysis has been taken.