Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 20220059.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220059
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LIN Zhongqiao1, CHEN Peipei2, WANG Lei1()
Received:
2022-01-23
Online:
2022-06-10
Published:
2022-03-04
Contact:
WANG Lei
E-mail:wang_leicn2021@163.com
Supported by:
CLC Number:
TrendMD:
LIN Zhongqiao, CHEN Peipei, WANG Lei. Application of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists with Different Chemical Structures in Cardiovascular Diseases[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2022, 43(6): 20220059.
Siprolactone | Eplerenone | Finerenone | |
---|---|---|---|
Chemical type | Steroid | Steroid | Non?steroid |
Structural feature | Based on cyclopentane phenanthrene, coupling acetyl sulfhydryl on C?7 | Similar to siprolactone, acetyl sulfhydryl replaced with carbomethoxy group on C?7,9,11?epoxide was added | Based on 1,4?dihydro pyridines |
Half inhibitory concentration (IC50, nmol/L) | 24 | 990 | 18 |
Oral bioavailability(%) | 80—90 | 69 | N/A |
Plasma protein binding rate(%) | ? 90 | 50 | N/A |
Plasma half?life(h) | 12—24 | 3—4 | 2 |
Active metabolite | Mostly canrenone | N/A | N/A |
Selectivity to MR | Low | ? 100 fold compared to siprolactone | ? 500 fold compared to siprolactone |
Metabolic pathway | Liver | Liver | Liver |
Tissue distribution | Renal concentration six?fold higher than heart | Renal concentration three?fold higher than heart | Equal concentration in kidney and heart |
Table 1 Pharmacokinetic differences between three MR antagonistic compounds[38~40]
Siprolactone | Eplerenone | Finerenone | |
---|---|---|---|
Chemical type | Steroid | Steroid | Non?steroid |
Structural feature | Based on cyclopentane phenanthrene, coupling acetyl sulfhydryl on C?7 | Similar to siprolactone, acetyl sulfhydryl replaced with carbomethoxy group on C?7,9,11?epoxide was added | Based on 1,4?dihydro pyridines |
Half inhibitory concentration (IC50, nmol/L) | 24 | 990 | 18 |
Oral bioavailability(%) | 80—90 | 69 | N/A |
Plasma protein binding rate(%) | ? 90 | 50 | N/A |
Plasma half?life(h) | 12—24 | 3—4 | 2 |
Active metabolite | Mostly canrenone | N/A | N/A |
Selectivity to MR | Low | ? 100 fold compared to siprolactone | ? 500 fold compared to siprolactone |
Metabolic pathway | Liver | Liver | Liver |
Tissue distribution | Renal concentration six?fold higher than heart | Renal concentration three?fold higher than heart | Equal concentration in kidney and heart |
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