SnO2 Hollow Microspheres Used for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20170219

Abstract

Abstract:

Tin dioxide hollow microspheres(Sn $O 2$ HMS) were prepared using amino-phenol/formaldehyde resin spheres(APF) as templates. A novel thin-film type hydrogen sulfide(H₂S) gas sensor was constructed by coating SnO₂ HMS onto an alumina ceramic tube based Au electrode. The crystalline phase and microstructure of different nano-materials were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and the gas sensing properties of SnO₂ HMS were studied in detail. The experimental results showed that SnO₂ HMS had good sensing properties for H₂S. At the optimum operating temperature of 200 ℃, the response signal of the prepared sensor to 142.6 mg/m³ H₂S was as high as 97.13%, and the response time was very short, i.e. 22 s. The response linear range to H₂S was from 0.2852 mg/m³ to 142.6 mg/m³, with a detection limit of 0.1549 mg/m³, and the correlation coefficient was 0.9931. Almost no effects on the sensor were observed from the environmental humidity and temperature. Also, the sensor possessed good reproducibility and selectivity. The sensor response signal reduced by 5.4% after 10 months of continuous monitoring of H₂S gas in a pig farm, indicating that the sensor has a long-term stable lifetime with valuable application for remote monitoring in practice.

Key words: SnO2 hollow microspheres, Hydrogen sulfide, Gas sensor, Aminophenol/formaldehyde resin sphere

CLC Number:

O659.36

TrendMD:

LI Guangyao, WANG Yu, CAO Yinliang, XIAO Zhongliang, HUANG Ying, FENG Zemeng, YIN Yulong, CAO Zhong. SnO₂ Hollow Microspheres Used for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2017, 38(11): 1953.

Figures/Tables 14

Scheme 1 Schematic diagram for construction of SnO2 HMS gas sensor

Scheme 2 Schematic diagram of the device for gas detection1. AC power source; 2.sample injector; 3. thermohygrometer; 4. temperature and humidity probe; 5. detection cell;6. thermostatic water bath; 7. SnO2 HMS gas sensor; 8. digital multimeter; 9. DC power supply.

Fig.1 XRD patterns of APF(a), APF@SnO2 CSMS(b), SnO2 HMS(c) and tetragonal rutile SnO2(d)

Fig.2 TEM images of different nano-materials(A) APF; (B) APF@SnO2 CSMS; (C) SnO2 HMS; (D) high-magnification image of shell edge of SnO2 HMS particles;(E) HRTEM of SnO2; (F) selected area electron diffraction pattern of SnO2 HMS.

Fig.3 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of SnO2 HMS before(A) and after(B) calcination at 400 ℃ for 1 hThe insets show the corresponding pore size distributions obtained from the adsorption curves.

Fig.4 Response of SnO2 HMS sensor to 142.6 mg/m3 H2S at different temperatures

Fig.5 Response behaviors of SnO2 HMS sensor to 142.6 mg/m3 H2S at different ambient relative humidity(RH)(A) and ambient temperatures(B)

Fig.6 Dynamic response curves of SnO2 HMS sensor to different concentrations of H2S(A) and their relation curve of response value vs. concentration(B) Inset of (B) is a linear working curve of response value vs. logarithmic value of concentration.

Fig.7 Continuous response-recovery curve of SnO2 HMS sensor to 142.6 mg/m3 H2S(A) and the corresponding response time curve[B, dotted line of (A)] at operating temperature of 200 ℃

Fig.8 Reproducibility of six SnO2 HMS sensors responding to 142.6 mg/m3 H2S

Fig.9 Histogram of SnO2 HMS sensor responding to 142.6 mg/m3 of different gases

Fig.10 Application of SnO2 HMS sensor for remote monitoring of H2S in pig farm(A) Photograph of SnO2 HMS gas sensor hanging in pig farm; (B) photograph of signal acquisition module of gas sensor.

Fig.11 Long-term stability curve of SnO2 HMS sensor

Fig.12 Schematic diagram of response mechanism of the SnO2 HMS gas sensor to H2S

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SnO₂ Hollow Microspheres Used for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide^†

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