综合利用稻壳制备木糖、 电容炭与硅酸钙晶须

doi:10.7503/cjcu20180424

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 224.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20180424

综合利用稻壳制备木糖、电容炭与硅酸钙晶须

隋光辉, 程岩岩, 陈志敏, 魏庆玲, 王晓峰, 杨晓敏, 王子忱()

吉林大学化学学院, 长春 130012

收稿日期:2018-06-08 出版日期:2019-02-10 发布日期:2018-12-24
作者简介:
联系人简介: 王子忱, 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事生物质资源的应用开发与研究. E-mail: wangzc@jlu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(批准号: 51502108)、吉林省发改委自主创新能力专项(批准号: 2014N145)、吉林省科技发展计划项目(批准号: 20150520016JH)和长春市科技计划项目(批准号: 15SS06)资助

Comprehensive Utilization of Rice Husk to Prepare Xylose, Capacitance Carbon and Calcium Silicate Whiskers^†

SUI Guanghui, CHENG Yanyan, CHEN Zhimin, WEI Qingling, WANG Xiaofeng, YANG Xiaomin, WANG Zichen^*()

College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Received:2018-06-08 Online:2019-02-10 Published:2018-12-24
Contact: WANG Zichen E-mail:wangzc@jlu.edu.cn
Supported by:
† Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51502108), the Foundation of Development and Reform Commission of Jilin Province, China(No.2014N145), the Project of Science and Technology of Jilin Province, China(No.20150520016JH) and the Program of Science and Technology of Changchun City, China(No.15SS06)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用酸水解稻壳中的半纤维素制备木糖, 并将糖渣经过炭化后分离出碳和硅, 碳采用稀碱溶液活化改性制备电容炭, 硅采用水热法合成了硅酸钙晶须, 从而使稻壳所有组分得到充分利用. 采用循环伏安(CV)和恒流充放电(GCD)研究了电容炭的电化学性能. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对所得硅酸钙晶须的结构和形貌进行了表征. 实验结果表明, 稻壳酸水解的最优条件为硫酸浓度7%(质量分数)、固液比(g/mL)为1:8、反应时间为2.0 h, 在该条件下, 一次水解、二次水解和三次水解的木糖收率(Y₁/Y₂/Y₃)和浓度(质量分数, C₁/C₂/C₃)都能达到最大值, Y₁=98.5%, C₁=3.6%; Y₂=85.4%, C₂=6.3%; Y₃=76.6%, C₃=9.0%. 采用15 mL 8%(质量分数) NaOH稀碱溶液活化改性制得的电容炭(AC/15)比电容值为77.32 F/g, 而且具有较好的倍率性和循环稳定性; 硅酸钙晶须为扫帚状针钠钙石晶须.

关键词: 稻壳综合利用, 木糖, 电容炭, 硅酸钙晶须

Abstract:

Hemicellulose of rice husk was used to prepare xylose by acid catalytic hydrolysis. The xylose cinder was carbonized and separated into C and Si. C was activated into capacitance carbon by activated modification, and Si was used to synthesize calcium silicate whiskers by hydrothermal method. Thus, all the components of rice husk were utilized comprehensively. The electrochemical performance of the capacitance carbon was studied by cyclic voltammeter(CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge(GCD) tests. The structure and morphology of the calcium silicate whiskers were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that the xylose yields(Y₁/Y₂/Y₃) and contents(mass fraction, C₁/C₂/C₃) of the first, the second and the third hydrolysis can achieve Y₁=98.5%, C₁=3.6%, Y₂=85.4%, C₂=6.3% and Y₃=76.6%, C₃=9.0% under the optimized conditions, which are 7%(mass fraction) sulfuric acid, 1:8 solid-to-liquid ratio(g/mL), 2.0 h reaction time. The capacitance carbon prepared by activated modification with 15 mL 8% NaOH solution(AC/15) has the specific capacitance of 77.32 F/g, and a better double rate and cyclic stability.

Key words: Comprehensive utilization of rice husk, Xylose, Capacitance carbon, Calcium silicate whisker

中图分类号:

O614

TrendMD:

隋光辉, 程岩岩, 陈志敏, 魏庆玲, 王晓峰, 杨晓敏, 王子忱. 综合利用稻壳制备木糖、电容炭与硅酸钙晶须. 高等学校化学学报, 2019, 40(2): 224.

SUI Guanghui,CHENG Yanyan,CHEN Zhimin,WEI Qingling,WANG Xiaofeng,YANG Xiaomin,WANG Zichen. Comprehensive Utilization of Rice Husk to Prepare Xylose, Capacitance Carbon and Calcium Silicate Whiskers^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2019, 40(2): 224.

图/表 6

Fig.1 Effects of H2SO4 concentration(A), solid-to-liquid ratio(B) and reaction time(C) on each yield and concentration of xylose hydrolyzed from rice husk three times

Fig.2 Cyclic voltammograms of AC/0, AC/15, AC/30 and AC/50 at 5 mV/s

Fig.3 Galvanostatic charge-discharge curves of AC/15 at different current densities

Fig.4 Cycling performance of AC/0(A), AC/15(B), AC/30(C) and AC/50(D) at 1 A/g for 5000 cycles

Fig.5 SEM image(A) and XRD pattern(B) of calcium silicate whisker

Fig.6 DSC/TG curves of calcium silicate whisker

参考文献 34

[1]	Wobiwo F. A., Emaga T. H., Fokou E., Boda M., Gillet S., Deleu M., Richel A., Gerin P. A., Biomass Convers. Bior.,2017, 7(2), 167-177
[2]	Al-Hamamre Z., Saidan M., Hararah M., Rawajfeh K., Alkhasawneh H. E., Al-Shannag M., Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev.,2017, 67, 295-314
[3]	Yang H. P., Yan R., Chen H. P., Lee D. H., Zheng C. G., Fuel,2007, 86(12), 1781-1788
[4]	Rong C.G. Studies on Preparation of Furfural and Comprehensive Utilization of Furfural Residue, Jilin University, Changchun, 2012
	(荣春光. 糠醛生产工艺研究及糠醛废渣的综合利用, 长春: 吉林大学, 2012)
[5]	Zhan H. Y., China Pulp & Paper, 2010, 29(8), 56-64
	(詹怀宇. 中国造纸, 2010, 29(8), 56-64)
[6]	Zhao M. Z., Jing J. L., Zhu Y. C., Yang X. M., Wang X. F., Wang Z. C., Int. J. Adhes. Adhes.,2016, 64, 163-167
[7]	He W. X., Zhang Z. L., Ji J. B., Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2016, 35(5), 1366-1376
	(何文修, 张智亮, 计建炳. 化工进展, 2016, 35(5), 1366-1376)
[8]	Zhang H. X., Zhao X., Ding X. F., Lei H., Chen X., An D. M., Li Y. L., Wang Z. C., Bioresource Technol.,2010, 101(4), 1263-1267
[9]	Li Y., Shi G., Zhang L., Li Y. R., Shi G. Y., Ni C. H., Chem. J. Chinese Universities,2015, 36(8), 1461-1466
	(李赢, 石刚, 张梁, 李由然, 石贵阳, 倪才华. 高等学校化学学报, 2015, 36(8), 1461-1466)
[10]	Chareonlimkun A., Champreda V., Shotipruk A., Laosiripojana N., Bioresource Technol.,2010, 101(11), 4179-4186
[11]	Ren S. X., Xu H. Y., Zhu J. L., Li S. Q., He X. F., Lei T. Z., Carbohyd. Res.,2012, 359, 1-6
[12]	Wang L. L., Guo Y. P., Zou B., Rong C. G., Ma X. Y., Qu Y. N., Li Y., Wang Z. C., Bioresource Technol.,2011, 102(2), 1947-1950
[13]	Yang X. M., Liang Y., Cheng Y. Y., Song W., Wang X. F., Wang Z. C., Qiu J. S., Catal. Commun.,2014, 47, 28-31
[14]	Liu Y., Guo Y. P., Gao W., Wang Z., Ma Y. J., Wang Z. C., J. Clean. Prod.,2012, 32, 204-209
[15]	Setthaya N., Chindaprasirt P., Yin S., Pimraksa K., Powder Technol.,2017, 313, 417-426
[16]	Liu Y., Guo Y. P., Zhu Y. C., An D. M., Gao W., Wang Z., Ma Y. J., Wang Z. C., J. Hazard. Mater.,2011, 186(2/3), 1314-1319
[17]	Sinyoung S., Kunchariyakun K., Asavapisit S., MacKenzie K. J. D., J. Environ. Manage.,2017, 190, 53-60
[18]	Zhang H. X., Ding X. F., Wang Z. C., Zhao X., Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications,2014, 2014(7), 603481
[19]	Zhang H. X., Ding X. F., Chen X., Ma Y. J., Wang Z. C., Zhao X., J. Hazard. Mater.,2015, 291(30), 65-73
[20]	Fu K., Li Z., Xia Q. B., Xi H. X., Guangdong Chemical Industry,2005, 32(11), 30-33
	(符瞰, 李忠, 夏启斌, 奚红霞. 广东化工, 2005, 32(11), 30-33)
[21]	Frackowiak E., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2007, 9(15), 1774-1785
[22]	Wen B., Wei S., Shi Z., Lin H. B., Lu H. Y., Chem. J. Chinese Universities,2013, 34(3), 674-678
	(闻斌, 魏双, 施展, 林海波, 陆海彦. 高等学校化学学报, 2013, 34(3), 674-678)
[23]	Zhang W. L., Lin N., Liu D. B., Xu J. H., Sha J. X., Yin J., Tan X. B., Yang H. P., Lu H. Y., Lin H. B., Energy,2017, 128, 618-625
[24]	Li Y., Li C., Yu K. F., Chem. J. Chinese Universities,2018, 39(4), 607-613
	(李义, 李纯, 于开锋. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(4), 607-613)
[25]	Ding L. L., Zou B., Gao W., Liu Q., Wang Z. C., Guo Y. P., Wang X. F., Liu Y. H., Colloid. Surface A.,2014, 446, 1-7
[26]	Cen L., Chen F. L., Wang Z. Y., Zhou Y. H., Special Purpose Rubber Products,2006, 27(5), 10-13
	(岑兰, 陈福林, 王志远, 周彦豪. 特种橡胶制品, 2006, 27(5), 10-13)
[27]	Yang Y. R., Zhang Q. J., Cai W., Yi M. G., Xiang L., Mater. Design.,2018, 146, 172-179
[28]	Wang L. L., Dong X., Wang X. R., Zhu G. Y., Li H. Q., Wang D. J., Chinese J. Polym. Sci.,2016, 34(8), 991-1000
[29]	Liu F., Wang X.D., Cao J. X.,Chinese Sci. Bull., 2012, (34), 3323-3328
	(刘飞, 王晓丹, 曹建新. 科学通报, 2012, (34), 3323-3328)
[30]	Li X., Jiang C., J. Mater. Sci.,2006, 41(15), 4944-4947
[31]	Huang X., Jiang D. L., Tan S. H., Journal of Inorganic Materials,2003, 18(1), 143-148
	(黄翔, 江东亮, 谭寿洪. 无机材料学报, 2003, 18(1), 143-148)
[32]	Liu F., Study on Hydrothermal Synthesis of Xonotlite Whiskers and Its Application in Ultra-light Material of Calcium Silicate, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 2010
	(刘飞. 水热合成硬硅钙石晶须及其在超轻质硅酸钙材料中应用的研究, 广州: 华南理工大学, 2010)
[33]	Liu D. C., Zhang W. L., Lin H. B., Li Y., Lu H. Y., Wang Y., J. Clean. Prod.,2016, 112, 1190-1198
[34]	Zhang W., Lin H., Lin Z., Yin J., Lu H., Liu D., Zhao M., Chemsuschem,2015, 8(12), 2114-2122

综合利用稻壳制备木糖、电容炭与硅酸钙晶须

Comprehensive Utilization of Rice Husk to Prepare Xylose, Capacitance Carbon and Calcium Silicate Whiskers^†

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 34

相关文章 13

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	朱铃,王雨辰,赵江源,文孟良,李铭刚,韩秀林. 重组β-木糖苷酶转化人参皂苷Rb₃及C-Mx[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(5): 1010.
[2]	隋光辉, 程岩岩, 刘欢, 段亚军, 王晓峰, 杨晓敏, 王子忱. 固定床催化及气相中和法转化木糖制备糠醛[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(11): 2544.
[3]	梁玉, 陈志浩, 梁宝炎, 胡哲, 杨晓敏, 王子忱. 稻壳碳基固体酸催化剂的制备及在木糖脱水制备糠醛反应中的催化性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2016, 37(6): 1123.
[4]	李赢, 石刚, 张梁, 李由然, 石贵阳, 倪才华. 高效利用稻壳联产木糖、多孔炭和二氧化硅[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2015, 36(8): 1461.
[5]	赵明礼, 赵玉涛, 张召, 高洁, 屈文, 徐锦梅, 刘宏民. 抗肿瘤药物卡培他滨的合成新方法[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2012, 33(08): 1733.
[6]	许伟,蔡萍,严明,许琳,欧阳平凯 . Thermus thermophilus 木糖异构酶与木糖醇的分子对接及模型分析[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2007, 28(5): 971.
[7]	许莉,王旭,马林,林瑞森 . 298.15 K下氨基酸在D-木糖水溶液中的体积性质[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2006, 27(8): 1549.
[8]	陈洪, 戴志群, 曲凡歧, 黄筱玲. N,N-二(邻硝基苯氨基乙基)甘氨酸糖酯的合成[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 1999, 20(11): 1725.
[9]	张亮仁, 张礼和. 2,3,4-三苯甲酰化-1-β-氰基-D-吡喃木糖构象研究[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 1996, 17(7): 1086.
[10]	钟永利, 苏镜娱, 曾陇梅, 阎素君, 罗秉浩. 中国南沙群岛卡拉凹顶藻化学成分研究[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 1996, 17(2): 249.
[11]	史达清, 周龙虎, 高原, 戴桂元. 5-O-苯甲酰基-2,3-二脱氧-3-硝基-D-呋喃戊糖甲苷的合成研究[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 1996, 17(10): 1586.
[12]	董领娇, 李莉, 马灵台, 张礼和. 碳苷合成研究——3-β-D-吡喃木糖基-1,2,4-氧杂二唑类化合物的合成[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 1992, 13(5): 617.
[13]	董领娇, 石云初, 马灵台, 张礼和. 木糖腺苷类似物的合成[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 1990, 11(1): 93.

综合利用稻壳制备木糖、 电容炭与硅酸钙晶须

Comprehensive Utilization of Rice Husk to Prepare Xylose, Capacitance Carbon and Calcium Silicate Whiskers†

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 34

相关文章 13

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

综合利用稻壳制备木糖、电容炭与硅酸钙晶须

Comprehensive Utilization of Rice Husk to Prepare Xylose, Capacitance Carbon and Calcium Silicate Whiskers^†