多功能阿维菌素纳米农药的制备及控制释放

doi:10.7503/cjcu20180702

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 1096.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20180702

• 高分子化学 • 上一篇

多功能阿维菌素纳米农药的制备及控制释放

关文勋, 唐黎明()

清华大学化工系, 先进材料教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084

收稿日期:2018-10-16 出版日期:2019-04-04 发布日期:2019-04-04
作者简介:
联系人简介: 唐黎明, 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事高分子化学方面的研究. E-mail: tanglm@tsinghua.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家“九七三”计划项目(批准号: 2014CB932202)和国家自然科学基金(批准号: 21574074)资助.

Preparation and Controlled Release of Multifunctional Avermectin Nano-pesticide^†

GUAN Wenxun, TANG Liming^*()

Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Received:2018-10-16 Online:2019-04-04 Published:2019-04-04
Contact: TANG Liming E-mail:tanglm@tsinghua.edu.cn
Supported by:
† Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2014CB932202) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21574074)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用阿维菌素具有的2个活性羟基, 连续与丙烯酰氯、四乙烯五胺和琥珀酸酐反应, 制备了带有酯键并对药物亲和的乳化剂前体; 并采用多种技术表征了其结构. 该乳化剂前体经中和后, 可以与阿维菌素在水中自发形成稳定的纳米农药乳液, 纳米乳液的粒径可以通过改变乳液载药量或乳化剂中和程度来调节. 该纳米乳液显示出一系列优良性能, 包括高载药量、高稳定性、耐光解、低表面张力和高的叶面亲和性. 在酯酶存在或强碱性条件下, 乳化剂的酯键发生水解, 致使乳化剂亲水部分与亲油部分分离, 从而促进阿维菌素从颗粒中的释放, 故该纳米农药具有比市售阿维菌素乳油更好的杀虫效果.

关键词: 阿维菌素, 纳米农药, 可控释放, 酯键

Abstract:

Based on the two active hydroxyl groups, avermectin reacted with acryloyl chloride, tetraethylenepentamine and succinic anhydride consecutively to obtain a new kind of emulsifier precursor with ester bonds and drug affinity. The structure of the emulsifier precursor was characterized by various techniques. After neutralization, the emulsifier and avermectin could form a stable nanoemulsion in water spontaneously. The particle size of the nanoemulsion could be adjusted by drug loading and neutralization extent. The nanoemulsion exhibited a series of good properties, including high drug loading, high stability, photolysis resistance, low surface tension and high leaf affinity. The ester bonds in the emulsifier could be hydrolyzed in presence of esterase or under strong alkaline, so that the hydrophilic part of the emulsifier could be separated from the lipophilic part, promoting the releasing of avermectin from the particles. Therefore, this nano pesticide exhibited a better insecticidal effect than the commercial avermectin emulsifiable concentrate(EC).

Key words: Avermectin, Nano pesticide, Controlled releasing, Ester bond

中图分类号:

O633.2

TrendMD:

关文勋, 唐黎明. 多功能阿维菌素纳米农药的制备及控制释放. 高等学校化学学报, 2019, 40(5): 1096.

GUAN Wenxun,TANG Liming. Preparation and Controlled Release of Multifunctional Avermectin Nano-pesticide^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2019, 40(5): 1096.

图/表 10

参考文献 27

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Sample	C(%)	H(%)	O(%)	N(%)
Pure avermectin	65.9	8.3	25.7	0
Actual value of acrylated avermectin	65.5	7.6	27.1	0.1
Calculated value of acrylated avermectin	66.1	7.7	26.4	0
Actual value of emulsifier	58.2	7.4	29.0	5.1
Calculated value of mono-addition emulsifier	59.7	7.3	28.5	4.5
Calculated value of bis-addition emulsifier	56.7	7.1	29.6	6.5

Sample	C(%)	H(%)	O(%)	N(%)
Pure avermectin	65.9	8.3	25.7	0
Actual value of acrylated avermectin	65.5	7.6	27.1	0.1
Calculated value of acrylated avermectin	66.1	7.7	26.4	0
Actual value of emulsifier	58.2	7.4	29.0	5.1
Calculated value of mono-addition emulsifier	59.7	7.3	28.5	4.5
Calculated value of bis-addition emulsifier	56.7	7.1	29.6	6.5

Sample No.	Drug loading(%)	Molar ratio of emulsifier to triethanolamine	Particle diameter/nm	Polymer dispersity index(PDI)
1	33	1∶12	69	0.20
2	50	1∶8	176	0.38
3	50	1∶10	105	0.32
4	50	1∶12	96	0.28
5	57	1∶12	196	0.65

Sample No.	Drug loading(%)	Molar ratio of emulsifier to triethanolamine	Particle diameter/nm	Polymer dispersity index(PDI)
1	33	1∶12	69	0.20
2	50	1∶8	176	0.38
3	50	1∶10	105	0.32
4	50	1∶12	96	0.28
5	57	1∶12	196	0.65

Sample	Retention/(mg·cm^-2)
Sample	On rice	On cucumber	On cabbage
Avermectin nanoemulsion	17.3±1.1	21.9±1.5	34.1±2.5
Deionized water	2.2±0.3	9.9±0.5	21.3±0.8
Avermectin EC	8.7±0.6	13.7±0.8	22.7±1.3

多功能阿维菌素纳米农药的制备及控制释放

Preparation and Controlled Release of Multifunctional Avermectin Nano-pesticide^†

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Sample	Toxicity regression equation	LC₅₀/(μg·mL^-1)	95% Confidence interval
Avermectin nanoemulsion	y=3.4159+1.0164x	36.18	27.60—48.99
Emulsifier	—	>10000	—
Avermectin EC	y=3.2734+1.0914x	38.20	29.20—51.89

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多功能阿维菌素纳米农药的制备及控制释放

Preparation and Controlled Release of Multifunctional Avermectin Nano-pesticide†

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Preparation and Controlled Release of Multifunctional Avermectin Nano-pesticide^†