高效利用稻壳热解炭制备吸附炭与硅酸钙

doi:10.7503/cjcu20170796

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

报道了一种稻壳热解炭高效综合利用的方法. 以稻壳热解炭为碳源和硅源, 采用同步溶硅活化法分离碳和硅, 采用碱溶液表面修饰法制备吸附炭, 采用氧化钙沉淀法制备硅酸钙并回收碱溶液. 以对孔雀石绿溶液的脱色率作为评价吸附炭性能的指标, 考察制得的吸附炭的吸附性能. 实验结果表明, 在优化的条件下(pH=7、吸附温度30 ℃、吸附时间60 min), 吸附炭的脱色率可达到99.9%. 利用X射线衍射研究了不同钙/硅摩尔比(Ca/Si)和热处理温度下制备的硅酸钙的晶型结构. 发现Ca/Si摩尔比和热处理温度对硅酸钙的晶型结构存在影响. 当Ca/Si摩尔比为3, 热处理温度为800 ℃时可以获得α_L'-Ca₂SiO₄型稻壳基硅酸钙. 采用统计学方法考察了Ca/Si摩尔比、反应温度和反应时间对碱回收率的影响. 其影响大小顺序为: Ca/Si摩尔比, 反应温度, 反应时间. 当Ca/Si摩尔比为3.0时, 在90 ℃下反应1 h后碱回收率达到100%.

关键词: 生物质综合利用, 稻壳热解炭, 稻壳基多孔炭, 吸附剂, 硅酸钙, 碱回收

Abstract:

A highly efficient method for the comprehensive utilization of rice husk pyrolysis char was reported. Rice husk pyrolysis char was used as C and Si resource. C and Si in rice husk pyrolysis char were separated via the reaction of rice husk pyrolysis char and sodium hydroxide to form carbonaceous matter and sodium silicate. Carbonaceous matter was activated into adsorbent carbon by surface modification of alkali solution. Sodium silicate was converted into calcium silicate by the reaction with calcium oxide. The sodium hydroxide solution was recycled. The adsorption performance of the adsorbent carbon was investigated by the decolourization ratio of malachite green solution. The results show that the decolourization ratio of malachite green solution can achieve 99.9% under the optimized conditions(pH=7, 30 ℃, 60 min). The structures of calcium silicate prepared at different temperatures and Ca/Si ratios were studied by X-ray diffraction. The results show that the structure of calcium silicate is associated with the Ca/Si ratio and heating treatment temperature. α_L'-Ca₂SiO₄ was obtained when the Ca/Si molar ratio was 3 and the heating treatment temperature was 800 ℃. Effect of Ca/Si molar ratio, reaction temperature and time on the recovery rate of alkaline was investigated by statistical method. The influence order is Ca/Si molar ratio> temperature > time. The recovery rate of alkaline can reach 100% under the optimized conditions(Ca/Si molar ratio of 3, 90 ℃, 1 h).

Key words: Biomass comprehensive utilization, Rice husk pyrolysis char, Rice husk based porous carbon, Absorbent, Calcium silicate, Alkali recovery

中图分类号:

O614

TrendMD:

程岩岩, 隋光辉, 陈志敏, 刘欢, 段亚军, 王晓峰, 杨晓敏, 王子忱. 高效利用稻壳热解炭制备吸附炭与硅酸钙. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(6): 1132.

CHENG Yanyan, SUI Guanghui, CHEN Zhimin, LIU Huan, DUAN Yajun, WANG Xiaofeng, YANG Xiaomin, WANG Zichen. Highly Efficient Utilization of Rice Husk Char to Prepare Carbon Adsorbent and Calcium Silicate^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2018, 39(6): 1132.

图/表 3

Fig.1 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm(A) and pore size distribution curve(B) of the carbon adsorbent

Fig.2 Effects of pH(A), adsorption time(B) and adsorption temperature(C) on the decolourization ratio of the malachite green solution

Fig.3 XRD patterns of rice husk based calcium silicate prepared at different temperatures and Ca/Si ratios Ca/Si molar ratio: (A) 3; (B) 2; (C) 1; (D) Untreated.

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