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Table of Content

    24 January 1998, Volume 19 Issue 1
    Articles
    Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline ZrO2·3%Y2O3 Powders with a Tetragonal Phase from 2-Methoxyethanol-water System
    CHEN Dai-Rong, XU Ru-Ren
    1998, 19(1):  1-4. 
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    The nanocrystalline ZrO2·3%Y2O3 powders with a tetragonal phase were hydrothermally synthesized from Zr(OH)4·3%Y(OH)3·nH2O using 2-methoxyethanol-water solution as the media. The effects of the constituents of media, pH and reaction temperature and time on ZrO2·3%Y2O3 particles were investigated. The results indicate that pHof the media are different due to the various constituents of the media. The higher the 2-methoxyethanol content, the lower the agglomeration of the primary particles. The higher the reaction temperature, the smaller the particles. The anions such as Cl-, NO3- and SO42- have an important impact on the product particles.
    The Interligand Aromatic Ring Stacking Interactions in the Mixed Complex(Ⅰ)——Synthesis,Crystal and IR Spectrum of Complex [Cu(C10H8O4)(C10H8N2)(H2O)]·2H2O
    GUAN Wei, SUN Jin-Yu, ZHANG Xiang-Dong, LIU Qi-Tao
    1998, 19(1):  5-8. 
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    The mixed complex Cu (bipy) [BMA]·3H2O (where BMAH2, stands for benzylmalonic acid) was synthesized and its crystal structure was determined. The crystal belongs to orthorhombic system and space group Pbca with parameters: α=1.6593 (3) nm, b= 1. 4673(3) nm, c=1.6747(3) nm, V=4. 077(2) nm3, Z=8, Dc=1. 52 g/cm3. Final R and Rw are 0. 037 and 0. 038 respectively. The crystal structure shows that the major forces of crystal formation come from the intermolecular aromatic stacking and hydrogen bonding.This intermolecular stacking interaction in the crystal differs from that in other reports.Molecule recognition interaction is found in the crystals.
    Studies on the Conductivity of LiAgSO4-Al2O3 Composite Electrolyte
    TAO Shan-Wen, LIU Xing-Qin, PENG Ding-Kun, DENG Guang-Yao
    1998, 19(1):  9-14. 
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    The effects of dispersed second phase α-Al2O3 to the ionic conductivity of LiAgSO4 were studied in this paper. It was found that the conductivity of LiAgSO4 (α-Al2O3) system rised. with increasing amount of α-Al2O3 added. It reaches a maximum value around x(α-Al2O3) 40% contained, which is higher than pure LiAgSO4 within the range of 300~500 C. According to the results from TG-DTA and XRD, we have recognized the existence of LiAgSO4 solid solution with orthorhombic structure. This solid solution can be obtained through calcining process and is metastable down to room temperature. But it is easy to react with water to form Li2SO4·H2O and Ag2SO4. FT-IR result indicates that there is no obvious chemical reaction between α-Al2O3 and the sulfates. The experiment results of hydrogen concentration cell demonstrates that this material is proton-conducting, but is unstable at high temperature because Ag2SO4 is reduced by hydrogen. Therefore, it can not be applied in strong reducing atmosphere.
    Preface
    Studies on the Dimerization of meso-Tetra(4-sulfophenyl) Prophyrin(TPPS)in the Micelles and KCI Aqueous Solution
    WU Xing, ZHANG Xiao-Hong, ZHU Quan, ZHENG Gang
    1998, 19(1):  15-20. 
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    The change of absorption spectrum of meso-tetra(4-sulfophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS)in micelles, PrOH and KCl aqueous solution was studied. The dimerization constant KD and rate constant k of dimerization reaction of TPPS were measured. It was shown that the KD of TPPS is decreased in micelles and PrOH-H2O solution and increased in KCl solution as compared with that in aqueous solution.
    Articles
    Studies on the Formation and Reactivity of(Na[Fe(CO)2C5H5]2)n
    YAN Peng-Fei, GAO Jin-Sheng, LE Zheng-Yu, MAO Gui-jie
    1998, 19(1):  21-23. 
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    According to the reaction of [Fe(CO)2C5H5]2 with sodium amalgam (Na/Hg), the molecular structures of crystals and the IR data of L3SnFe (CO)2C5H5 (L=C6H11, C6H5),[ (C5Me5)2Ln (CO)2FeC5H5]2(Ln=Dy, Gd, Sm, Nd, Pr) complexes, the process of forma tion of (Na[Fe (CO)2C5H5]2)n, its structure changes and reaction regularities in the synthe ses of heteronuclear metal complexes were analyzed and discussed.
    Studies on the Association of HPMBP with Some Amine Extractants
    YANG Yong-Hui, SONG Qi-Sheng, TIAN Xin, SUN Si-Xiu, XUE Shu-Yun
    1998, 19(1):  24-26. 
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    Studies on association effect of HPMBP and different amine extractants (N1923,DOA, TOA) in benzene and association constents of HPMBP and TOA in different diluents were carried out. The association compounds of TOA and amine extractants exist widely,which were associated through hydrogen bond into 1: 1 compounds. The order of association ability (TOA>DOA>N1923) was consistent to their extraction abilities. Therefore, in different diluents, the association order of HPMBP and TOA was toluene>cyclohexane>n-hexane>benzene.
    Studies on Speciation of Arsenious Compounds by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
    TIAN Xiao-Dan, YANG Peng-Yuan, HE Xing-Cun, WANG Xiao-Ru
    1998, 19(1):  27-30. 
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    Using phosphate as buffer solution, five arsenic species: arsenite (As (Ⅲ)),monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), arsanilic acid (ANA), sodium dimethylarsinate (DMA) and arsenate (As (Ⅴ) ) have been separated by capillary zone electrophoresis. Experiment conditions were optimized when the on-line UV detection was operated at 191 nm. The reproducibility of this method has been studied using extended light length capillary. Relation between signal peak area and sample concentration has been measured, and using the largest injection volume, the detection limit has been determined. Some kind of spiked sample has also been detected.
    Studies of the Rate Constant of Sucrose Hydrolysis by Capillary Electrophoresis with Electrochemical Detection
    YE Jlan-Nong, JIN Wei, ZHAO Xue-Wei, FANG Yu-Zhi
    1998, 19(1):  31-34. 
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    The concentrations of sucrose and its hydrolysis products were directly monitored by capillary electrophoresis-electrochemical detection due to its high resolution and high sensitivity of detection. The rate constants of sucrose hydrolysis at different temperatures in 0.80 mol/L HCl and 0. 90 mol/L HCl were obtained from the concentration change of sucrose during the process of hydrolysis. At 25℃, 30℃ and 35 ℃, the measured rate constants of sucrose hydrolysis were 7. 81×10-3 min-1, 17. 44×10-3 min-1 and 33. 09×10-3 min-1 in 0. 80 mol/L HCl, and 11.18×10-3 min-1, 27. 32×10-3 min-1 and 44. 86×10-3 min-1 in 0. 90 mol/L HCl, respectively, from which the Ea value of 109. 85 kJ/mol was derived. Compared with the traditional polarimetric method, this method is more visualizable and convenient with satisfactory results.
    Fiber Optic pH Sensor Using PACR Polymer Gels as a Matrix for Immobilization
    CHEN Wei, LI Jian-Zhong, ZHANG Zhu-Jun
    1998, 19(1):  35-38. 
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    Anew gel matrix for reagent immobilization was used to prepare three kinds of pH-fiber optic chemical sensors. The response time of the sensors is lower than 10 s, the pHtest and abrupt range is 1. 83~7. 54 and 1. 39~2. 97 respectively. The sensor generally has no reagent which comes off from it and can be used as long as the reagent is stable.
    Studies on Effects of External Magnetic Field on the Formation Rate of Complex of α-Bromonaphthalene/β-Cycoldextrin and Different Aliphatic Alcohols by Kinetic Room-temperature Phosphorimetry
    ZHANG Yong, ZHU Ya-Xian, DU Xin-Zhen, HUANG Xian-Zhi, CHEN Guo-Zhen
    1998, 19(1):  39-42. 
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    The effects of external magnetic field on the formation kinetic behavior of the inclusion complex of α-bromonaphthalene and β-cycoldextrin with different aliphatic alcohols has been investigated by kinetic room-temperature phosphorimetry. The effects of external magnetic field on the inclusion complex formation initial rate were positive for n-alcohols,but the negative results were obtained for iso-alcohols.
    Studies on Three-dimensional Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship of PDE Inhibitory Activity of Imidazopyridines
    LI Hua, XU Lu, SU Qiang
    1998, 19(1):  43-47. 
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    In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest in inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE) and enzymes responsible for the intracelluar hydrolysis of the second messenger cAMP and cGMP. In this study, a series of 2-subsituted phenyllimidazo[4, 5-b]pyridines have been made to investigate 3D-QSAR of PDE activity using CoMFA. CoMFA resulted in a quantitative description of the major steric and electrostatic field effects, and gave significant new insights to factors governing PDE inhibition activity. The model was used to predict the PDE inhibition activity of imidazopyridines with satisfactory results.
    The Electrochemical Behaviour of Soluble Polyimides
    WANG Hong-Yu, CHOU Ju, ZHAO Hui, LI Yue-Sheng, HOU Hao-Qing, XING Wei, DING Meng-Xian, LU Tian-Hong
    1998, 19(1):  48-50. 
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    The electrochemical behaviour of five soluble polyimides was studied in organic solution using cyclic voltammetry. The relationship between the electrochemical behaviour and the molecular structure was discussed. It was found that the colours of polyimides can be changed due to the electrochemical redox reactions.
    A New Sulfate Ion Sensitive Electrode
    XIAO Dan, TANG Zhi-Wen, LI Jun, YUAN Hong-Yan, HU Fei, YU Ru-Qin
    1998, 19(1):  51-52. 
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    Designing a new material to fabricate electrodes sensitive to ion species of specific interest is the main stream in the ion sensitive electrode research. The research efforts of the present authors have been directed, in particular, to the development of a phosphate ion sensitive electrode based on non-stoichiometric compound Co1-rO and a Cu2+ ion sensitive electrode based on LaB6. In this paper, a new sulfate ion sensitive electrode is reported based on non-crystal Ni-P alloy, which has a very nice response characteristics including stability, selectivity and linear response range. The electrode shows a linear range of response from 1×10-6 to 1 X 10-2 mol/L and a detection limit of 4×10-7mol/L for the sulfate ion. The selectivity coefficients for common anions Cl-, NO3-, H2PO4-, Br- and I- are obtained as 2×10-1, 8×10-5, 8×10-3, 3×10-1 and 4×10-1, respectively. The electrochemical deposition of the non-crystal Ni-P alloy on different matrix materials has been described for preparation of the titled electrode.
    A New Method for Determination of Electroosmotic Mobility Using Sample Zone as a Marker
    FU Chong-Gang, WANG An-Bac, YE Jian-Nong, FANG Yu-Zhi
    1998, 19(1):  53-55. 
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    A new method for the determination of the electroosmotic mobility was presented in this paper. The "sample zone" itself was used as a marker of the electroosmotic flow. The elution time of the sample zone from the capillary was derived from the position of the electrophoretic current step. Based on it the mobility of electroosmotic flow can be calculated.The results was well in agreement with those of the neutral marker method. Furthermore,the present method was easy to operate and need no additive equipments.
    Stereoselective Nitroolefination of α-Substituted Lactones
    WANG Rui, YANG Xiao-Wu, LIU Da-Xue, JIA Qiang
    1998, 19(1):  56-60. 
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    Nitroolefins are versatile intermediates in the synthesis of complex natural products because of their various functional group transformations. They can proceed Michael type additions, and Diels-Alder cyclic reactions. Furthermore, the--NO2 group can be converted to carbonyl group by reductive Nef reaction. Their synthetic potential should be greatly enhanced if they contain quaternary carbon centers. Here, we wish to describe stereoselective nitroolefination of α-substituted carbonyl compounds via addition-elimination on the basis of our previous research. The E stereochemistry of double bond was determined by 1H NMR data (chemical shift, the coupling constant). Studies on effects of different metal ions on reaction temperature, time and yields showed Zn2+ enhanced reactivity. A rational process of addition-elimination was proposed to elucidate the reaction mechanism.
    Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Organometallic Salt [CpFe(C6H6)]2·[Ni(mnt)2]
    YANG Chu-Luo, MA Sheng-Gang, QIN Jin-Gui, LIU Dao-Yu, LUO Bao-Sheng
    1998, 19(1):  61-64. 
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    Organometallic salt[CpFe (C6H6)]2·[Ni (mnt)2] was synthesized by the metathetical reaction of [CpFe (C6H6) ]PF6 with Na2[Ni (mnt)2]. It was characterized by elementary analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectra. The structure of this compound was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The crystallographic data are as follows: triclinic,space group P1, α=0. 838(2) nm, b=1. 084(6)nm, c=1. 816(7) nm,α=83. 41 (4)°, β=89. 30(3)°,γ= 80. 22(3)°, Z= 2. The cations exist in two directions, which are perpendicular to each other. The anions also exist in two directions, which form a dihedral angle of 75. 4°. Conductivity measurements of the compound showed a semiconductor behavior with a conductivity of 4.1×10-5 S·cm-1 at room temperature.
    A Novel Approach to Synthesize trans-2,5-Diaryltetrahydrofuran
    SHI Hong-Xin, LIN Hui, Bloch R., Mandvill G.
    1998, 19(1):  65-69. 
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    A novel approach to synthesize trans-2,5-diaryltetrahydrofuran is described. The new antagonists of PAF are obtained by six step reactions of arylation, oxidation, arylation,cyclization, hot decomposition and hydrogenation starting from (±)4,10-dioxatricyclo [5, 2, 1, 02,6]-dec-8-ene-3-ole is described. Three title compounds (8a-8c) are synthesized.
    The Reaction of Tris(trimethylsilyl) cyclopentadiene with Hexacarbonyl Molybdenum
    XU Shan-Sheng, GONG Jun-Fang, ZHOU Xiu-Zhong
    1998, 19(1):  70-73. 
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    The xylene solution of tris (trimethylsilyl)cyclopentadiene and Mo(CO)6 was refluxed for 8 h. The reaction was stopped at the formation of the intermediate, mononuclear molybdenum hydride η5-[(Me3Si)nC5H5-n]Mo (CO)3H (n=2, 3) (Ⅰ). The reaction can not proceed further to form the binuclear(Mo-Mo) product. It is probably due to the steric effect of three silyl groups which hindered the further progress of the reaction. Desilylation happened while the reaction was proceeding. Compound Ⅰ was not isolated from the xylene solution and reacted immediately with CCl4, NBS and MeI respectively to give the corresponding molybdenum halides η5-[(Me3Si)nC5H5-n]Mc (CO)3,X [n=3; X: Cl(1), Br(2), I(3). n=2; X: Cl(4), Br(5), I(6)]. Compounds 4, 5, and 6 are desilylation products. The molecular structures of 1-6 were characterized by elemental analyses, IR and 1H NMR spectra. The crystal structure of 1 was determined by X-ray diffraction.
    Synthesis and Characterization of (5,7,7,12,14,14-Hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-dieno)Nickel Bis(O,O'-dialkyldithiophosphate)
    XIE Bin, WU Shi-Ye
    1998, 19(1):  74-77. 
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    Four nickel complexes [Ni (hmtade) {SSP (OR)2}2] (hmtade=5, 7, 7, 12, 14, 14-hexamethyl-1, 4, 8, 11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4, 11-diene; R=phenyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-phenylethyl and cyclohexyl) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, infrared spectra, electronic spectra, NMR spectra (1H and 31P) and TG-DTA analysis. The results indicate that all complexes are non-electrolysis in DMSO and O,O'-dialkyldithiophosphoric acid radicals as monodentate ligands coordinate to nickel atom. The tetraazamacrocyclic configuration and the TG-DTA curves of complexes are also discussed.
    Studies on the Nonlinear Optical Property of 10-Alkylacridones
    SONG Hua-Can, PAN Wen-Long, YING Bai-Ning, YAN Xing-Zhong, CAI Zhi-Gang, LUO Ting, ZHOU Jian-Ying
    1998, 19(1):  78-79. 
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    The value of the second-order harmonic generation for the powder of 10-alkylacridones, synthesized by using acridone, was measured by using Nd: YAG as a laser source and the results show that these compounds have a good nonlinear optical property and the differences of the volume and electron property for the different substitutents on 10-position have a little effect on their values of second-order harmonic generation(SHG).
    The Synthesis and Applied-research of Ureido-urethane
    XIE Shi-Wen, DONG Li-Mei, YANG Li-He
    1998, 19(1):  80-82. 
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    Due to high temperature and acid substance in exhaust, gasoline usually produces deposits on the chamber and gasoline jet of intake air system in engines of a car, carbonating on the jet, even blocking the jet, make engine fail to start and run. The methods of selecting optimum engine design have less effect on reducing deposits and carbonating than does that of adding detergent-dispersant additive into gasoline. Anew compound──ureido-urethane is synthesized by reacting di-iso-cyanate with alcohols and amines. After experiments of selecting optimum reaction condition, testing solubility and percentage of relative oxidation,and evaluating in the PFI imitating device. The results show that the detergent-dispersant property of that compound is superior to the new product of USA(paradyne 748) and compound produced in Shanghai.
    The Improvement of the Cyclization Step in the Stepwise Synthesis of calix[4]arenes
    ZHONG Zhen-Lin, LI Jian-Sen, LU Xue-Ran, CHEN Yuan-Yin
    1998, 19(1):  83-85. 
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    A modified [3+1] cyclization procedure for the synthesis of calix[4]arenes was developed by using diglycol dimethyl ether as the solvent in place of dioxane which was generally adopted in previous literature. By the modified procedure, the yield of 5-bromo-11, 23-di-tert-butyl-17-methyl-25, 26, 27, 28-tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene from cyclic condensation of 2, 6-bis(2'-hydroxy-5'-tert-butyl-benzyl)-4-cresol and 2, 6-bis (bromomethyl)-4-bromophenol in the presence of TiCl4 was improved from less than 20% to 40%, and the reaction time was reduced from several days to ten hours.
    A Stochastic Thermodynamics of Finite Chemical Reaction Systems Influenced by Gaussian White Noises——An Effective Thermodynamic Measure for the Influences of External Noises on Finite Chemical Reaction Systems
    TU Juan, LUO Jiu-Li
    1998, 19(1):  86-93. 
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    By using Novikov's Law and MSR theorem, both the effective master equation and effective entropy balance equation, generally valid for finite chemical reaction systems influenced by Gaussian white noises, have been established. It is shown that there are three kinds of conjugated stochastic forces and fluxes. A general expression of effective entropy production explicitly involving the contributions from both the internal fluctuations and the external noises is deduced. Furthermore, for the case of the non-macroscopic order noises,by means of the Kramers-Moyal expansion of the effective master equation, a stochastic formalism simulating the macroscopic stability criterion of nonequilibrium steady states in finite chemical reaction systems influenced by white noises is also established, and then an illustration quoting the simple case with additive noises shows the weakening effect of the external noises to the stability of chemical reaction systems.
    Electrochemical Studies on N,N-Diethyldithiocarbamate Complexes with Both Molybdenum and Rare-earth Elements
    CAO Xue-Jing, FU Qing-Hong, ZHANG Heng-Bin, LI Shu-Jia, ZHANG Guang-Ren
    1998, 19(1):  94-98. 
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    N, N-Diethyldithiocarbamate (dtc) as a ligand can combine with both molybdenum and the rare-earth elements to form dinuclear coordination complexes [Mo (dtc)4][Ln (dtc)4](Ln=La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er). Their redox properties and the electrochemical characteristics were studied.
    Thixotropy-antithixotropy Behavior of Concentrated Surface-modified Ultrafine Calcium Carbonate Suspension
    CHEN Fei-Yue, GU Yan-Fang, WANG Song, HU Li-Ming
    1998, 19(1):  99-102. 
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    A suspension consists of surface-modified ultrafine calcium carbonate, di-n-octylphthalate and calcium oxide was used as the research system in this paper. The transforming from antithixotropy to thixotropy, the formation, stability and strength of the thixotropic structure, and the influence of the free fatty acid on the transforming were studied in detail.The results revealed that the transforming depends on the storage time. As the storage time extended, the suspension transfers from antithixotropy to thixotropy and stable thixotropy was obtained after stored 24 h. At the same time, the strength of flocculated structure stablized gradually. If the free fatty acid exists, the suspension will transfer to antithixotropy.And a physical model of the thixotropic structure is introduced, which is connected with the dispersion-stability properties of the suspension.
    Studies of Separation of Sm3+and Gd3+ by Liquid Membranes System Containing TBP and N263 Co-extraction Mobile Carrier
    LI Ming-Yu, WANG Xiang-De, WAN Yin-Hua, ZHANG Xiu-Juan, CUI Yuan-Chen, TANG Qi-Hong, ZHANG Da-Li
    1998, 19(1):  103-106. 
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    The separation of Sm3+ and Gd3+ by liquid membranes system containing TAP and N263 co-extraction mobile carrier was studied. The effect of several factors on transport of Sm3+ and Gd3+ was examined. N263 can be dissolved in kerosene when TBP was used as oil adjusting agents. So kerosene may take the place of some aromatic diluents. On the other hand, a co-extraction effect was found between N263 and TBP in membrane process. Instead of using dilute HNO3 as stripping agent, dilute NH4NO3 was used to be an internal aqueous phase in the experiment. The stripping result of dilute NH4NO3 for Sm3+ and Gd3+ was similar to that of dilute HNO3 as their concentrations were all in 0. 01~0.5 mol/L. When the membrane system of N263-TBP LMA-1-kerosene (oil phase) and NH4NO3 (internal aqueous phase) was applied, the transport rate decreased with the increase of atomic number of rare earth, and the system selectivity for Sm3+ and Gd3+ is better than N263 system.
    Studies on the Product of Ion-molecule Reaction of Halogeno-benzene in Gas Phase by MS/MS
    LI Zhi-Li, LIU Shu-Ying, XU Wen-Guo, GUO Xing-Hua
    1998, 19(1):  107-110. 
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    The fragmentations of the product ions produced by the ion-molecule reaction of the halogeno-benzene (chlorobenzene, bromobenzene and iodobenzene) were studied using the collision-induced dissociation. The main product ions of the ion-molecule reaction of three kinds of halogeno-beneze include the dimeric ions, m/z(2M-X) ions and m/z(2M-2X) ions. The CID spectra of these ions were compared with that of the protonated bromodiphenyl and biphenyl. The formation mechanism and the structure of the product ions were obtained.
    The Interaction Between Dodecyl Betaine and Polyvinylpyrrolidone
    HAO Jing-Cheng, LIANG Fang-Zhen, LIU Shu-Hai, REN Jian-Cheng, LU Shao-Fen, LI Gan-Zuo, WANG Han-Qing
    1998, 19(1):  111-115. 
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    The association and standard free energy of formation of the complex between dodecyl betaine(C12BE) and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) in aqueous solution have been investigated by using 13C NMR, ESR and surface tension measurement on the air/water interface.It is found that the basic structure of the complex is a micelle-like aggregate, the C12BE molecules were assembled on the methine(α), methylene(β) carbon in the backbone, and the methylene carbon attached to the nitrogen of PVP molecules, and shielding hydrocarbon groups on the surface of the micelle from contact with water. Our results also confirm that the micellization process in the presence of PVP occurs at a lower concentration than that at the critical micelle concentration. The effectiveness of PVP in lowering the free energy of formation of the surfactant aggregates in aqueous solutions increases with the increasing concentrations of PVP. The interfaclal viscosity of the aggregates of PVP-C12BE is higher than that of C12BE ones.
    Catalytic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Isobutane over Zinc Molybdate
    HUANG Yan, WANG Guo-Jia, YU Jian-Feng, YANG Hong-Mao, WU Tong-Hao, PENG Shao-Yi
    1998, 19(1):  116-119. 
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    The catalytic performances of zinc molybdate for oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane are reported. The effects of N2, water steam and the volume ratio of isobutane/O2 in feed gas are studied. The selectivity to isobutene increases with the increasing of isobutane/O2 ratio, but the conversion of isobutane decreases. The steam added in feed gas can improve the isobutene selectivity while N2 in feed gas shows an unfavorable influence. The acid sites on the surface of zinc molybdate are mainly weak ones, which can promote the oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutane into isobutene.
    Preface
    Surface Raman Spectra of Methanol Dissociatively Adsorbed at Roughened Platinum Electrodes
    LI Xiao-Qin, REN Bin, TIAN Zhong-Qun
    1998, 19(1):  120-122. 
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    For the first time, we have obtained surface Raman spectra of dissociative adsorption of methanol at bare Pt electrodes of different surface roughness factors from 60 to 200 by using a confocal Raman microscope and a specific surface roughening procedure. Two bands at around 1830 cm-1 and 2040 cm-1 respectively have been assigned to the CO streching vibration of the dissociatively adsorbed CO as the poison Intermediate on the surface. In the low frequency region, the two correlated bands at ca 413 cm-1 and 494 cm-1 respectively provide a clear vibrational information that there exist the linear bonded Pt-CO and bridge bonded CO. On the Pt electrode with mild roughness, the Raman signal of CO peared at -0. 4 V, whereas it was still observable on the Pt electrode with high roughness.This reveals that the CO-substrate interaction is stronger for the platinum with the higher surface roughness, at least partly due to the supercluster interaction of the roughened electrode. In addition, the highly rough surface may be favorable to the formation of island CO,thus enhance the interaction between molecules. It has been shown that surface Raman spectroscopy has two advantages: first, It provides a uniquely sensitive probe for obtaining surface-adsorbate vibration information in the low frequency region which is typically not accessible to IR spectroscopy. Second, it can be applied to the study of highly roughened electrodes that are common for practical use. With its notable improvements in detection sensitivity and functions, Raman spectroscopy will probably become a powerful tool to in-situ study electrocatalysis of practical importance.
    Articles
    Non-oxidative Dehydro-aromatization of Methane over Strong Acid-promoted W/HZSM-5-based Catalysts
    ZENG Jin-Long, XIONG Zhi-Tao, LIN Guo-Dong, ZHANG Hong-Bin
    1998, 19(1):  123-125. 
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    Highly active and heat-resisting strong acid-promoted W/HZSM-5-based catalysts, W-Zn (La, Nb)-H2SO4/HZSM-5, for non-oxidative dehydro-aromatization of methane have been developed. Over a W-Zn-H2SO4/HZSM-5 catalyst and under the reaction conditions of 1123 K, 0. 1 MPa, and GHSV=1500 mL/h per gram cat., methane conversion (XCH4) reached 23%, with a selectivity to benzene at 97% and an amount of coking for 3 h operation at 0. 02% of the weight of the catalyst used. During a stability test at 1073 Kfor 3 h, XCH4 had been maintaind at about 21.5% over the W-Zn-H2SO4/HZSM-5 catalyst,whereas dropped gradually to 13% from 19% in the initial stage over the Mo-Zn-H2SO4/HZSM-5, demonstrating that the former has a better heat-resisting peculiarity than the latter. The results of investigation of optimization of the catalyst composition showed that the optimal W-loading on the HZSM-5[n-(Si)/n-(Al)=38] zeolite support was about 2.5%, and that an optimal match-ratio existed among the Wand the promoters, Zn (or La or Nb) and H2SO4. The experimental results also indicated that the promoting effects of Zn and La were more pronounced than Nb.
    Oscillating Reaction in Combustion of Emulsion Fuels Induced by Interface Membrane
    HE Zhan-Bo, ZHAO Zhu-Lu, YAN Xi-Long
    1998, 19(1):  126-128. 
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    A new type of oscillating reactions in combustion of emulsion fuels induced by interface membrane was found from thermocouple determination. The fundamental composition of the emulsion is 50 mL kerosene + 2. 5 beau oil + 20 mL 1 mol/L NaOH + 12. 5 mL 20%OP aqueous solution + 40 mL H2O. Some substitutions were carried out. It was found from the experiment, the condition producing oscillation is that the amount of beau oil added In the emulsion is 1. 5~5 mL. The substitution of gasoline for kerosene can also produce a similar oscillation, but the diesel oil can not. It can be explained by the result obtained that the oscillation was resulted from the inhibition of the interface membrane on combustion and make the emulsion to burn more completely. The membrane was produced from long-chain carboxylate which is a hydrolysis product of beau oil added in the emulsion. Without beau oil and NaOH, there will be no oscillation phenomena in the combustion of emulsion fuels.
    Catalytic Oxidation of Cyclohexene over Transition Metal Substituted Polyoxometalate Pillared Layered Double Hydroxides
    GUO Jun, JIAO Qing-Ze, DUAN Shu-Hong, JIANG Da-Zhen, MIN En-Ze
    1998, 19(1):  129-131. 
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    POM-LDHs with the composition of MAI-XW11ZO39(M=Zn, Mg; X=P, Si; Z=Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+) were synthesized, and their catalytic properties for oxidation of cyclohexene in the presence of dioxygen were studied. The results obtained show that the oxidation of cyclohexene gives mainly α-H oxidation products, and the reaction activities greatly depend on the nature of the substituted transition metals in the POM pillars, i. e.,with different Z ions, the activity is in the order: Co2+~Cu2+~Mn2+》Ni2+~Fe2+. In addition, the central atom in the POM pillars has some effects on the oxidation of cyclohexene.The activity increases when P is used instead of Si. No obvious difference between the activities of ZnAl and MgAl layers were observed.
    Aggregate Structure and Phase Transition of Schiff Base Containing Vesicle Bilayer
    WU Li-Xin, LI Guo-Wen, SHEN De-Zhen
    1998, 19(1):  132-134. 
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    Aggregate structure, phase transition and their relationship to the preparation conditions of single chain Schiff base containing ammonium amphiphiles with different alkyl chains in aqueous vesicle bilayer were studied with differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and electronic absorption spectrum. The experimental results showed that the bilayer structure existed in aqueous solution was affected by the length of tall alkyl chain. The amphiphile with a dodecyloxy tail could form both paralell and interdigitated structures. By controlling the preparation condition one of these two stacking form could be obtained as the main structure.
    FT-IR Study of Conformation Transition of Silk Fibroin Induced by Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds
    SUN Yu-Yu, LIU Yong-Cheng, MA Ming-Hua, SHAO Zheng-Zhong, CHEN Xin, YU Tong-Yin
    1998, 19(1):  135-138. 
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    FT-IR spectroscopy was used to study the conformation transition of silk fibroin in poly (acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate)-poly-L-alanine (PANMA-PLAL) blends, PANMA-silk fibroin(SF) blends, and poly (acrylic acid sodium) (NA)-SF blends. It was found that, in these blends, intermolecular hydrogen bonds will form between the carbonyl group of other polymers and the amide of SF. To form these hydrogen bonds, SFmust change its conformation. The possible structure of the hydrogen bonds and the mechanism of the formation of the hydrogen bonds were also discussed.
    Studies on the Property of Ethylene-vinyl Alcohol-vinyl Acetate Terpolymers
    FAN Li-Juan, LEI Yan-Hua, XIE Jing-Wei
    1998, 19(1):  139-143. 
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    A series of ethylene-vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate terpolymers were produced by controlling the degree of hydrolysis of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)copolymer. The results of DSC and mechanical property studies indicate that the crystallinity of the terpolymers increases with increasing the degree of hydrolysis. The terpolymers within a certain range of degree of hydrolysis have fine comprehensive mechanical properties and they can be used as a new type of thermoplastic elastomer. The correlation between the structure of terpolymers and mechanical properties has been explored.
    Studies on Protonation of Poly(N,N-dimethylaniline)
    ZHANG Rui-Feng, ZHENG Hai-Peng, SHEN Jia-Cong
    1998, 19(1):  144-147. 
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    In this paper, we studied the protonation of poly(N,N-dimethylaniline) (PDMA)in two different acid media (sulfuric acid and trichloroacetic acid). Using UV-Vis and 1H NMR measurements, we found that PDMA could present two types of protonated states,which depends on the acidity. It can be concluded that protons were added on nitrogen atoms of substituent in the concentrated acid but on benzene ring of main chain in the moderate acid solution.
    The Properties of St/AA/BA Core-shell Composite Encapsulated-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
    CHEN Ping, DU Hui, LIU Feng-Qi, LI Tie-Jin, TANG Xin-Yi
    1998, 19(1):  148-151. 
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    Fe2O3 nanoparticles were encapsulated in the core-shell composite copolymers of St/AA/BA (styrene/acrylic acid/butyl acrylate) by seed emulsion polymerization process.The influence of Fe2O3 on rheological behavior and glass transition temperature (Tg) of St/AA/BA core-shell composite copolymer was discussed. The result of DSC showed that the addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles could decrease Tg for the composite copolymer. According to the rheological properties, the core-shell copolymers were all pseudoplastics and their nonNewtonian index was less than 1. The viscosity and △E decrease with the increase of the Fe2O3 content.
    Synthesis and Crosslinking Reaction of Crosslinkable PVC
    GUAN Jian-Jun, YANG Wen-Jun, LIU Yong, MEI Li-Fang
    1998, 19(1):  152-155. 
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    PVC─SR was prepared from the reaction of PVC and sodium N, N-di-ethyldithiocarbamate. Products of self-crosslinked PVC─SR and co─crosslinked PVC─SR/NBR blend were obtained under heating. Effects of temperature and weight of sodium N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate on substitution reaction and degree of functionality of PVC─SR on the gel content, tensile properties and compress set of crosslinked products were investigated. Mechanism of crosslinking reaction was discussed.
    Compatibility of Butyl Acrylate-4-vinyl Pyridine Copolymer with Polyvinyl Chloride
    GU Xue-Rong
    1998, 19(1):  156-160. 
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    The butylacrylate-4-vinyl pyridine copolymers [P(BAVP)] with different proportions of 4-vinyl pyridine were synthesized by radical polymerization. A series of mixtures with different proportions of P(DAVP) and PVC were prepared by solvent casting from tetrahydrofuran (THF). Then we assessed their compatibility with dynamical measurements.We found that blends were homogeneous, i. e. these copolymers were miscible with PVC, as long as the content of vinyl pyridlne was more than 1% (molar percent). However, the mixture of polybutyl acrylate (PBA) and PVC was inhomogeneous, which means, these two were immiscible. As the contents of PVC and vingl pyridine sigments in mixture were increasing, the Tg of P(BAVP)/PVC increased. By analyzing the relevant FTIRspectra, we Inferred that the boost of misclbility of P(BAVP) and PVC might due to the fact that the interaction of the P(BAVP) molecules is weaker than that of PBA.
    Synthesis and Characterization of a New Liquid Crystalline Polymer——Butyryl Chitosan
    DONG Yan-ding, LI Zhi-Qiang, GUO Rong
    1998, 19(1):  161-163. 
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    Butyryl chitosan was synthesized and characterized by using FTIR, DSC, WAXD and PLM. Liquid crystallinity of butyryl chitosan was first reported in this paper. Comparing with chitosan, thermal stability and crystallinity of butyryl chitosan decreased but solubility increased, because hydrogen bond interactions between macromolecules were disrupted.