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    Cover and Content of Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities Vol.44 No.6(2023)
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (6): 1-6.  
    Abstract148)      PDF(pc) (53746KB)(1832)       Save
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    Hydrogel-based Bioinspired Ion Channels: Fabrication and Controllable Ion Transport
    CHEN Weipeng, KONG Xiangyu, WEN Liping
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (6): 20220772-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20220772
    Abstract548)   HTML37)    PDF(pc) (14959KB)(767)       Save

    The controllable ion transport is the basis of most physiological activities, such as the transmission of neural signals, the perception of external stimuli, etc. The key to realize the controllable ion transport is the various protein ion channels in life system. Inspiring researchers endeavor to develop artificial ion channels to subtly tune the ion transportation. Among the developed ion channels, hydrogel-based system exhibits the advantages of high ion selectivity and high ion conductance due to its three-dimensional(3D) charged networks induced space charges and 3D interconnection channels. As hydrogel-based ion channels hold the biocompatibility, deformability, and stable ion storage properties, it has been the focus in intelligence ion transport field and shows great potential in ion electronic circuits, medical health, energy conversion and storage, resources, and environment. To summarize the latest development of the hydrogel-based ion channels, we firstly overview on the construction methods of hydrogel-based intelligent ion channels. Thereafter, the ion transport mechanisms in the hydrogel-based ion channels are summarized, and the applications of such ion channels are categorized. At last, we discuss the existed issues and give the perspective on future development of hydrogel-based ion channels.

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    Cover and Content of Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities Vol.44 No.9(2023)
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (9): 1-6.  
    Abstract2)      PDF(pc) (18959KB)(704)       Save
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    有机太阳能电池专刊
    李永舫, 陈红征, 朱晓张, 何凤
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (9): 1-4.  
    Abstract240)      PDF(pc) (1427KB)(635)       Save
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    Cover and Content of Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities Vol.44 No.10(2023)
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (10): 1-6.  
    Abstract204)      PDF(pc) (23330KB)(522)       Save
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    Research Advances in Transport Mechanism of Lithium Ions in Solid Electrolytes
    FU Zhongheng, CHEN Xiang, YAO Nan, YU Legeng, SHEN Xin, ZHANG Rui, ZHANG Qiang
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (5): 20220703-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20220703
    Abstract413)   HTML40)    PDF(pc) (9332KB)(361)       Save

    Global challenges have promoted the rapid development of rechargeable lithium battery technology. Solid-state electrolytes are less flammable than liquid electrolytes. If the ion transport behavior in solid electrolytes is well understood, the lithium dynamic stability and rate performance of solid state batteries can be accurately regulated. With the rapid development of calculation technology, atomic scale simulation technology has become an important method to understand the ion transport of materials. To solve the above problems, this review firstly summarizes the common diffusion mechanisms in solid materials. Then the transport mechanism of lithium ions in solid electrolytes is introduced, and the important factors(crystal structure, electronic structure, external factors, grain boundaries) affecting the transport of lithium ions in solid electrolytes are emphatically included. Finally, the transport mechanism of lithium ion in solid electrolytes is summarized and prospected.

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    Cover and Content of Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities Vol.44 No.7(2023)
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (7): 1-6.  
    Abstract282)      PDF(pc) (24161KB)(357)       Save
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    Recent Progress in Non-fused Ring Small-molecule Acceptor Materials
    SUN Heng, ZHANG Pengyu, ZHANG Yingnan, ZHAN Chuanlang
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (7): 20230076-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20230076
    Abstract416)   HTML14)    PDF(pc) (10367KB)(344)       Save

    The invention of non-fullerene acceptors with rigid and fused ring structures has pushed a rapid progress in the field of organic solar cells. The power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) have exceeded 19%. Compared with the fused ring structures, the non-fused ring acceptors have recently received increasing attention due to their relatively simple structures and synthesis. Since 2017, the molecular library of non-fused ring acceptors has extended up to more than 100 molecules and the PCEs have rapidly increased from the initial 4% to the recent 16%. In this review, we classified these molecules into fully non-fused ring acceptors and A-D-C n -D-A type non-fused ring acceptors, according to the non-fused ring backbone structural features. We correlate the molecular structures and the optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties from the aspects of non-fused ring backbone structures and side chain engineering. In particular, we focus on that the non-fused ring backbone structures, intramolecular non-covalent interactions and side chain engineering finely tune the materials’ energy levels and bandgaps and photovoltaic performance. We also give suggestions to overcome the factors that limit the increase of solar cell performance.

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    Research Progress of Graphdiyne-based Materials in Photovoltaic Applications
    REN Yi, KAN Yuanyuan, SUN Yanna, LI Jianfeng, GAO Ke
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (7): 20220752-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20220752
    Abstract288)   HTML16)    PDF(pc) (11138KB)(335)       Save

    Graphdiyne, a novel carbon material with China intellectual property right, is composed of topologically ordered sp and sp2 carbon atoms. It has many unique advantages such as rich carbon chemical bonds, large conjugated systems, and excellent chemical stability, showing the application potential in energy conversion and other fields. In this review, the controllable synthesis of graphdiyne is focused. Then the application based on graphdiyne in different types of solar cells is described comprehensively. Especially, the mechanism of graphdiyne materials is elucidated particularly in performance improvement. Finally, short perspectives of graphdiyne materials in the photovoltaic field are presented.

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    Cover and Content of Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities Vol.44 No.5(2023)
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (5): 1-5.  
    Abstract270)      PDF(pc) (42226KB)(333)       Save
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    Melanin-based Targeted Nanodrugs for Photothermal Therapy of Breast Cancer
    SUN Jinghua, GUO Chunyan, DONG Jie, ZHANG Ruiping
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (8): 20230044-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20230044
    Abstract201)   HTML11)    PDF(pc) (30039KB)(328)       Save

    To improve the targeting effect of small-sized melanin nanoparticles(MNP) at tumor sites, a hydroxyapatite hybrid mesoporous silica(MSN/HAP), which is degradable in tumor micro-acidic environment, was designed and synthesized for loading, and a novel highly targeted nanodrug(MAN/HAP-MNP-RGD) was constructed in combination with RGD-directed peptide for multimodal imaging and photothermal therapy of mouse breast cancer. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, cellular and invivo experiments were examined and the results showed that the final particle size was approximately 60 nm, the loading of MNP was 37.7%, the nanoparticles showed good degradability in a slightly acidic environment, and the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanoparticles was 40.29%. In addition, the results of photoacoustic imaging and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the nano- particles showed higher accumulation and longer retention time at the tumor site. Finally, the in vivo experiments demonstrated that MAN/HAP-MNP-RGD has the best therapeutic effect and high biosafety, showing potential applications.

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    Cover and Content of Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities Vol.44 No.11(2023)
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (11): 1-6.  
    Abstract159)      PDF(pc) (19742KB)(326)       Save
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    Nonylphenol Molecularly Imprinted 2D Photonic Crystal Hydrogel Sensor
    WANG Gang, LIU Genqi, ZHAO Lingli, WANG Yue, LIU Lisha, SUN Chenxin, MA Xiaoyan
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (6): 20220757-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20220757
    Abstract217)   HTML9)    PDF(pc) (8818KB)(293)       Save

    A molecularly imprinted two-dimensional photonic hydrogel sensor that can specifically recognizes nonylphenol(NP) was obtained by UV photoinitiated polymerization using polystyrene two-dimensional photonic crystal as template, NP as imprinted molecule, methanol as solvent, methacrylic acid as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate(EGDMA) as crosslinker, and 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone(DEAP) as initiator. The response performance of the sensor was determined by measuring the change in the diameter of the Debye diffraction ring(ΔD). In the NP solution, the volume expansion of the hydrogel leads to the increase of the particle spacing of the photonic crystal in the gel, which leads to the decrease of the diameter of Debye diffraction ring. As the concentration of NP in the solution increases from 0 to 1×10‒5 mo/L, the diameter of Debye diffraction ring decreases by 8.0 mm, and the particle spacing of the corresponding photonic crystal increases by 25.1 nm. In the NP concentration range of 1×10‒13—1×10‒8 mol/L, the change of Debye diffraction ring is linearly related to the logarithm value of NP concentration(lgc). In addition, the detection limit of NP molecularly imprinted two-dimensional photonic crystal hydrogel sensor is as low as 1×10‒13 mol/L, which has high sensitivity, good specificity recognition ability and stable reusability, and can realize the visual detection of nonylphenol.

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    Asp-induced Biomimetic Synthesis and Property of Candy-like Calcium Carbonate
    LIU Gaoyuan, LIU Yuehan, ZHAO Lina, GUO Yupeng
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (6): 20220769-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20220769
    Abstract202)   HTML16)    PDF(pc) (8310KB)(285)       Save

    The aspartic acid(Asp) was used as the inducer and candy-like calcium carbonate particles were prepared by controlling the reaction conditions such as reaction time, the dosage of inducer, and the reaction temperature, and the optimum conditions for obtaining the candy-like calcium carbonate particles were obtained. The structure, morphology and properties of the resulting calcium carbonate particles were characterized and a reasonable reaction mechanism was proposed. The new ideas about the preparation of calcium carbonate with specific morphology will be instructive in related material researches.

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    Structural Transformation and Luminescence Properties of Terbium-sulfonylcalix[4]arene Mononuclear Complexes
    MAO Dongao, XU Linmeng, BI Yanfeng
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (11): 20230107-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20230107
    Abstract297)   HTML24)    PDF(pc) (3180KB)(284)       Save

    A mononuclear terbium coordination compound(Tb1-A) was prepared from t-tert-butyl-sulfonylcalixarene(H4TC4A-SO2) and Tb(CH3COO)3. Calixarene can effectively sensitize terbium ions, enabling luminescence of Tb1-A in both solid state and methanol solution. It was found that 1,10-phenanthroline(phen) could influence the luminescence of Tb1-A by two interaction modes in fluorescence titration. Two different contacting modes between phen and Tb1-A were also determined by the single crystal structural characterization of two mononuclear compounds(Tb1-B and Tb1-C), one of which was the coordination between phen and Tb ions, the other was the host-guest interaction between phen and calixarene. Combined with the results of theoretical calculation, it was also found that the host-guest interaction between guest molecules and calixarene was the main factor that caused the fluorescence quenching.

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    End-capped Polymer Donors for Highly-efficient Organic Solar Cells
    ZHANG Youhui, YANG Na, DUAN Na, CHENG Yujun, YOU Shiyong, WU Feiyan, CHEN Lie
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (7): 20230169-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20230169
    Abstract172)   HTML6)    PDF(pc) (7523KB)(271)       Save

    End-capping engineering is a very simple and convenient strategy for polymer modification, whereas its application in high performance non-fullerene organic solar cells is still limited. In this paper, three novel fully end-capped donors PM6-T-EH, PM6-2T-EH and PM6-3T-EH were prepared by capped with 2-(2-ethylhexyl)-thiophene(T-EH), 5-(2-ethylhexyl)-2,2′-bithiophene(2T-EH), and 5-(2-ethylhexyl)-2,2′∶5′,2′′-terthiophene(3T-EH), respectively. Compared with pristine polymer donors PM6(15.40%), end-capped polymers PM6-T-EH, PM6-2T-EH, PM6-3T-EH blended with Y6 achieved the power conversion efficiencies(PCE) of 16.66%, 15.54% and 13.50%, respectively. It is shown that the alkyl monothiophene end-capped polymer can reduce the carrier traps, optimize the morphology and improve the charge transport in the active layer, thus enhance the overall PCE. The gradually decreased device performance along with the increase of thiophene units in end-capping groups, is mainly attributed to the deteriorated morphology of active layer, resulting from the bulky conjugated chains of the end- capping groups. Further optimizing the active layer, the device based on PM6-T-EH∶BTP-eC9 achieved a highe efficiency of 18.02%.

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    Electrocatalytic Oxidative Cleavage of Lignin: Facile and Efficient Biomass Valorization Strategy
    XU Jianing, BAI Wenjing, LOU Yuhan, YU Haipeng, DOU Shuo
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (5): 20220749-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20220749
    Abstract443)   HTML17)    PDF(pc) (5356KB)(267)       Save

    Lignin, as an intriguing native renewable aromatic polymer, can be depolymerized into aromatic platform chemicals by catalysis procedures, and its high-value conversion is of great significance for realizing the green and sustainable production of biofuels, fine chemicals, and bulk chemicals. With this regard, catalytic oxidation of lignin through electrochemistry offers an economized energy nature with tunable potential or current to determine the products selectivity and conversion rate. However, to realize the controllable degradation of lignin, the electrocatalytic system, including the catalysts, electrolyte, reaction cell, etc., should be rationally designed based on the well-understanding of the depolymerization mechanism. In this review, we focused on the bond cleavage mechanism of C—C bond and C—O bond, respectively, in the depolymerization of lignin. Research works based on the different bond cleavage mechanisms in the electrochemical oxidation of lignin and its model compounds to aromatic monomers in recent years were reviewed here, including the different types of catalytic systems, electrocatalysts, and free radical initiators. Of which the free radical intermediates play decisive role in the highly selective cleavage of C—O and C—C bonds. Finally, the challenges and development perspectives in the future of electrocatalytic lignin depolymerization are also provided.

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    Synthesis of Difluorodithienophenazine Based Conjugated Polymers and Their Organic Photovoltaic Performance
    ZHANG Zesheng, DENG Yuxin, KONG Lingchen, LUO Mei, WANG Xinkang, ZHANG Lianjie, CHEN Junwu
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (7): 20230148-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20230148
    Abstract205)   HTML10)    PDF(pc) (5405KB)(249)       Save

    Designing electron-deficient unit based on fused ring is an effective strategy for constructing high-performance conjugated copolymers. In this work, a new electron-deficient monomer(DTPZ) with 9,10-difluorodithienophenazine as the core was synthesized, and two new polymers PB-DTPZ and PFB-DTPZ were prepared. The photophysical properties, electrochemical properties, and organic photovoltaic performance of the two polymers as well as their active layer morphologies were studied and analyzed. Polymers PB-DTPZ and PFB-DTPZ possess optical band gaps of 1.70 and 1.68 eV, respectively, showing red-shifted absorption spectra compared with common wide band gap polymers. The PB-DTPZ and PFB-DTPZ also show low-lying HOMO energy levels of ‒5.51 and ‒5.68 eV, respectively, suggesting the electron-deficient feature of DTPZ. Thanks to the more matched HOMO energy level to Y6 acceptor, the PB-DTPZ∶Y6-based binary polymer solar cell can achieve a power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 12.13%, which is higher than that(10.4%) of the PFB-DTPZ∶Y6-based binary device. Due to the deeper HOMO levels and complementary absorption spectra of PB-DTPZ and PFB-DTPZ, the addition of the two polymers as the third component to the PM6∶Y6 system can further improve the PCE, and the resulting ternary devices can deliver PCEs of 17.08% and 16.99%, respectively.

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    Research Progress of Layer-by-layer Deposited Organic Solar Cells
    ZHAO Mingxin, YAO Zhigang, LIU Zhongyuan, XU Wenjing, MA Xiaoling, ZHANG Fujun
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (7): 20230120-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20230120
    Abstract182)   HTML10)    PDF(pc) (17646KB)(244)       Save

    In the recent 30 years, donor and acceptor materials mixed bulk heterojunction(BHJ) are considered to be the most ideal device structure of organic photovoltaics(OPVs). The efficiency of exciton dissociation and charge transport can be improved by optimizing the donor-acceptor interpenetrating network structure in the active layer, which should be an effective way to improve the performance of BHJ OPVs. The layer-by-layer(LbL) OPVs are constructed by sequentially depositing donor and acceptor, which have been developed rapidly in recent years. The power conversion efficiency(PCE) of LbL OPVs can be comparable with that of BHJ OPVs, indicating that many scientific issues need to be further studied in OPVs. This review summarizes the representative achievements of LbL OPVs from the working mechanism, optimization strategy and large-area production potential. The key roles of additives, annealing treatment and multi-component strategy in improving device performance are emphasized. The problems existing in LbL OPVs are discussed, and the future prospects of LbL OPVs are outlooked.

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    Recent Breakthrough Progresses in the Fundamental Research of Zeolites in China
    QI Ganggang, MENG Xiangju
    Chem. J. Chinese Universities    2023, 44 (10): 20230227-.   DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20230227
    Abstract325)   HTML30)    PDF(pc) (17508KB)(240)       Save

    Zeolites have been widely used in ion-exchange, sorption and separation as well as catalysis fields due to their large surface area, high adsorption capacity, uniform and intricate channels, high thermal and hydrothermal stabilities, and well-defined micropores with excellent shape-selectivity in catalysis. In recent years, a series of breakthrough achievements has been made in the fundamental research of zeolites in China. This manuscript will briefly summarize these progresses including the accelerated crystallization of zeolites via hydroxyl free radicals, construction of stable aluminosilicate zeolite with extra-large pores, in-situ imaging of topological flexibility of a rigid zeolite framework as well as atomic imaging of zeolite-confined single molecules by electron microscopy, excellent performance in adsorption-separation and catalytic transformation of small hydrocarbon molecules, and flexible zeolite electrolyte solid-state Li-air battery. Prospective and challenges in the fundamental research of zeolites will also be conveyed.

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