Lithium Intercalation Compounds-Hydrogen Gas Batteries

doi:10.7503/cjcu20200514

Abstract

Abstract:

Rechargeable hydrogen gas batteries as a category of emerging battery system show promising electrochemical performance for large-scale energy storage applications. As a large group of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries， lithium intercalation compounds can be adopted as excellent cathodes for the rechargeable hydrogen gas batteries. In this work， two lithium intercalation compounds-H₂ batteries were studied using LiCoO₂（LCO） and LiFePO₄（LFP） as cathodes in combination with hydrogen gas anode in a Li₂SO₄ aqueous electrolyte， naming LCO-H₂ and LFP-H₂ batteries， respectively. The LCO-H₂ battery shows a high discharge potential of ca. 1.27 V with a capacity of ca. 97 mA·h·g^-1， and a good rate of 10C. In addition， the LFP-H₂ battery shows a discharge potential of ca. 0.66 V with a capacity of ca. 125 mA·h·g^-1， and a good rate of 10C. Although the LCO-H₂ and LFP-H₂ batteries show capacity decay due to the intrinsic instability of the untreated lithium intercalation compound cathodes， both of the two batteries exhibit excellent recoverable capacities by recycling the hydrogen gas anode， demonstrating the robustness of the hydrogen gas battery chemistry for future long lifetime batteries with potentials for grid-scale energy storage.

Key words: LiCoO₂, LiFePO₄, Aqueous electrolyte, Hydrogen gas anode, Grid-scale energy storage

CLC Number:

O646

TrendMD:

ZHU Zhengxin, ZHANG Xiang, WANG Mingming, CHEN Wei. Lithium Intercalation Compounds-Hydrogen Gas Batteries[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2021, 42(5): 1610.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 SEM images(A, D), TEM images(B, E), and PXRD patterns(C, F) of LCO(A—C) and LFP(D—F) electrode materials

Fig.2 CV curves at a scan rate of 1 mV/s in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cycles(A, C), and charge/discharge curves at a current rate of 0.5C[(1C=140 mA/g)(B) and (1C=170 mA/g)(D)] of LCO(A, B) and LFP(C, D)

Fig.3 CV curve at a scan rate of 0.5 mV/s(A), charge/discharge curves at a current density of 0.5C(B), charge/discharge curves at different discharge rates(C), and rate performance(D) of LCO?H2 battery, charge/discharge curves(E), and cycling performance(F) of LCO?H2 and recycled LCO?H2 batteries at a discharge current density of 2C

Fig.4 CV curve at a scan rate of 0.5 mV/s(A), charge/discharge curves at a current rate of 0.2C(B), charge/discharge curves at different rates(C), rate performance(D) of LFP?H2 battery; charge/discharge curves(E) and cycling performance(F) of LFP?H2 and recycled LFP?H2 batteries at a current rate of 10C

Fig.5 SEM images of pristine Pt/C electrode(A), Pt/C electrode after 50 cycles in LCO?H2 battery(B), Pt/C electrode after 50 cycles in LFP?H2 battery(C), LCO electrode after 50 cycles in LCO?H2 battery(D), pristine LFP electrode(E) and LFP electrode after 50 cycles in LFP?H2 battery(F)

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