Determination of Serum Urea by Near-infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy Using Silver Mirror for Enhancing the Detectability†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20170313

Abstract

Abstract:

Owing to the low sensitivity or the high detection limit of near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(NIRDRS) technique, silver mirror was used as the adsorption substrate to improve the sensitivity. The high reflection ability of silver mirror can not only reduce the background interference, but also enhance the spectral responses. In this study, coupling NIRDRS technique and the silver substrate, the feasibility for rapid and direct analysis of the urea concentration in human serum was studied. Near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectra of silver substrate with sera were directly measured, and then combined with spectral preprocessing and variable selection methods, partial least squares(PLS) regression models were established for fast quantitative prediction. The results demonstrate that the concentrations of serum urea in the range of 2.8—26.1 mmol/L can be accurately determined using NIRDRS technique with the silver mirror as the adsorption substrate. The determination coefficient( $R p 2$ ) between the predicted and reference concentrations is as high as 0.9823, and the recoveries are in a range of 86.0%—117.0%. Moreover, the maximum deviation of the prediction results from the reference values is as low as 1.45 mmol/L. Therefore, the proposed method may be an alternative for routine analysis of serum urea in clinical applications.

Key words: Near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Serum urea, Quantitative determination, Silver mirror, Chemometrics

CLC Number:

O657

TrendMD:

WANG Cuicui, YU Xiaoming, CAI Wensheng, SHAO Xueguang. Determination of Serum Urea by Near-infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy Using Silver Mirror for Enhancing the Detectability^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2017, 38(11): 1947.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 NIRDRS spectra of silver mirror and serum samples

Fig.2 CWT-preprocessed spectra of silver mirror and serum samplesThe vertical bars represent the selected variables by MC-UVE method.

Table 1 PLS models with different preprocessing methods

Preprocessing	$n Var a$	$n LV b$	$R c 2$	RMSECV	RPD
None	1556	11	0.9783	0.94	6.8
CWT	1556	8	0.9811	0.96	6.7
CWT + informative range	229	5	0.9843	0.80	8.1
CWT + MC-UVE	129	4	0.9872	0.72	9.0

Table 1 PLS models with different preprocessing methods

Preprocessing	$n Var a$	$n LV b$	$R c 2$	RMSECV	RPD
None	1556	11	0.9783	0.94	6.8
CWT	1556	8	0.9811	0.96	6.7
CWT + informative range	229	5	0.9843	0.80	8.1
CWT + MC-UVE	129	4	0.9872	0.72	9.0

Fig.3 Results of the optimal model(A) Relationship between the predicted concentration and the reference value; (B) distribution of the deviations.

Table 2 Predicted results of validation samples

Sample	Reference value/ (mmol·L^-1)	Predicted value/ (mmol·L^-1)	Maximum deviation/ (mmol·L^-1)	Recovery (%)	Sample	Reference value/ (mmol·L^-1)	Predicted value/ (mmol·L^-1)	Maximum deviation/ (mmol·L^-1)	Recovery (%)
1	2.8	2.98	0.18	106.3	7	9.4	8.72	-0.68	92.8
2	4.2	4.92	0.72	117.0	8	10.4	8.94	-1.45	86.0
3	5.4	5.97	0.57	110.5	9	12.2	11.30	-0.90	92.6
4	6.7	6.60	-0.10	98.5	10	15.3	16.33	1.03	106.7
5	7.3	7.90	0.60	108.2	11	19.2	17.81	-1.39	92.8
6	8.3	8.30	0.00	99.9	12	26.1	27.30	1.20	104.6

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