Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (8): 1553.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20150221
• Physical Chemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles
SHI Dingfu, TAN Chen, WANG Peng, LI Yongqi, CHEN Shengjie, LIU Ye*()
Received:
2015-03-23
Online:
2015-08-10
Published:
2015-06-30
Contact:
LIU Ye
E-mail:yliu@chem.ecnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
CLC Number:
TrendMD:
SHI Dingfu, TAN Chen, WANG Peng, LI Yongqi, CHEN Shengjie, LIU Ye. Biphasic Hydroformylation of 1-Octene Catalyzed by Ionic Rh(Ⅲ)-complex in the Presence of Tertiary Amine Functionalized Ionic Liquid†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2015, 36(8): 1553.
Fig.1 Single crystal structures of the phosphine-functionalized ionic liquids 1(A), 2(B) and the ionic Rh(Ⅲ)-complex 1a(C)Selected bond distance/nm: compound 1: P1—C13 0.1829(4), P1—C1 0.1820(4), P1—C7 0.1840(4); compound 2: P1—C7 0.1842(2), P1—C14 0.1820(3), P1—C8 0.1829(3); compound 1a: Rh—P 0.2378(15), 0.2378(15); Rh—Cl 0.2341(14), 0.2341(14), 0.2345(13), 0.2345(13).
Empirical formula | C24H26N2P·CF3SO3 | Z | 2 |
---|---|---|---|
Formula weight | 522.5 | Dcalcd/(g·cm-3) | 1.388 |
Crystal system | Triclinic | μ(Mo Kα)/mm-1 | 0.246 |
Space group | P-1 | T/K | 296(2) |
a/nm | 0.98502(9) | λ/nm | 0.071073 |
b/nm | 1.13275(11) | Total reflections | 14651 |
c/nm | 1.23674(11) | Unique reflections, Rint | 4381(0.0232) |
α/(°) | 97.419(3) | R1 [I>2σ(I)] | 0.0515 |
β/(°) | 107.282(3) | wR2(all data) | 0.1537 |
γ/(°) | 103.712(3) | F(000) | 544 |
V/nm3 | 1.2501(2) | Goodness-of-fit on F2 | 1.028 |
Table 1 Crystal data and structure refinement for the functionalized ionic liquid 2
Empirical formula | C24H26N2P·CF3SO3 | Z | 2 |
---|---|---|---|
Formula weight | 522.5 | Dcalcd/(g·cm-3) | 1.388 |
Crystal system | Triclinic | μ(Mo Kα)/mm-1 | 0.246 |
Space group | P-1 | T/K | 296(2) |
a/nm | 0.98502(9) | λ/nm | 0.071073 |
b/nm | 1.13275(11) | Total reflections | 14651 |
c/nm | 1.23674(11) | Unique reflections, Rint | 4381(0.0232) |
α/(°) | 97.419(3) | R1 [I>2σ(I)] | 0.0515 |
β/(°) | 107.282(3) | wR2(all data) | 0.1537 |
γ/(°) | 103.712(3) | F(000) | 544 |
V/nm3 | 1.2501(2) | Goodness-of-fit on F2 | 1.028 |
Entry | Rh-complex | Additive | Conv.b(%) | Sel.b(%) | L/Bc | TO | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ald(n+iso) | iso-Octenes | ||||||
1 | 1a | 47 | 77 | 23 | 2.1 | 360 | |
2 | 1a | Et3N | 93 | 88 | 12 | 2.6 | 820 |
3 | 1a | 1-Methylpiperidine | 96 | 88 | 12 | 2.8 | 845 |
4e | 1a | [PEmim]BF4 | 88 | 94 | 6 | 2.7 | 830 |
5 | 2a | 44 | 72 | 28 | 2.7 | 320 | |
6 | 2a | Et3N | 91 | 87 | 13 | 2.6 | 790 |
7 | 2a | 1-Methylpiperidine | 93 | 86 | 14 | 2.7 | 800 |
8e | 2a | [PEmim]BF4 | 93 | 93 | 7 | 2.5 | 865 |
Table 2 Homogeneous hydroformation of 1-octene catalyzed by the ionic Rh(Ⅲ)-complexes in the presence of auxiliary tertiary aminesa
Entry | Rh-complex | Additive | Conv.b(%) | Sel.b(%) | L/Bc | TO | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ald(n+iso) | iso-Octenes | ||||||
1 | 1a | 47 | 77 | 23 | 2.1 | 360 | |
2 | 1a | Et3N | 93 | 88 | 12 | 2.6 | 820 |
3 | 1a | 1-Methylpiperidine | 96 | 88 | 12 | 2.8 | 845 |
4e | 1a | [PEmim]BF4 | 88 | 94 | 6 | 2.7 | 830 |
5 | 2a | 44 | 72 | 28 | 2.7 | 320 | |
6 | 2a | Et3N | 91 | 87 | 13 | 2.6 | 790 |
7 | 2a | 1-Methylpiperidine | 93 | 86 | 14 | 2.7 | 800 |
8e | 2a | [PEmim]BF4 | 93 | 93 | 7 | 2.5 | 865 |
Run | 1a-[PEmim]BF4 | 2a-[PEmim]BF4 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conv.b(%) | Sel.b(%) | L/Bc | TOFd/h-1 | Conv.b(%) | Sel.b(%) | L/Bc | TOFd/h-1 | ||||
Nonanal | iso-Octenes | Nonanal | iso-Octenes | ||||||||
1 | 90 | 94 | 7 | 1.2 | 280 | 98 | 90 | 10 | 2.1 | 290 | |
2 | 91 | 93 | 7 | 2.4 | 280 | 83 | 66 | 34 | 1.6 | 180 | |
3 | 94 | 93 | 7 | 2.0 | 290 | 63 | 65 | 35 | 2.2 | 140 | |
4 | 89 | 86 | 14 | 1.3 | 255 | 58 | 46 | 54 | 1.6 | 90 | |
5 | 87 | 67 | 33 | 2.2 | 195 | 55 | 32 | 68 | 2.3 | 60 |
Table 3 Biphasic hydroformylation of 1-octene catalyzed by compounds 1a and 2a in piperidyl-functionalized ionic liquid of [PEmim]BF4 respectivelya
Run | 1a-[PEmim]BF4 | 2a-[PEmim]BF4 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conv.b(%) | Sel.b(%) | L/Bc | TOFd/h-1 | Conv.b(%) | Sel.b(%) | L/Bc | TOFd/h-1 | ||||
Nonanal | iso-Octenes | Nonanal | iso-Octenes | ||||||||
1 | 90 | 94 | 7 | 1.2 | 280 | 98 | 90 | 10 | 2.1 | 290 | |
2 | 91 | 93 | 7 | 2.4 | 280 | 83 | 66 | 34 | 1.6 | 180 | |
3 | 94 | 93 | 7 | 2.0 | 290 | 63 | 65 | 35 | 2.2 | 140 | |
4 | 89 | 86 | 14 | 1.3 | 255 | 58 | 46 | 54 | 1.6 | 90 | |
5 | 87 | 67 | 33 | 2.2 | 195 | 55 | 32 | 68 | 2.3 | 60 |
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