Induced Growth of Micro/nano ZnO Powder via Glu-BF4 Ionic Liquid Aqueous Solution†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20160471

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, pompon-like micro/nano ZnO powders have been synthesized via microwave assisted heating of the precursors which were prepared with Zn(OAc)₂·2H₂O and NaOH(molar ratio 1∶6) as reactants and Glu-BF₄ ionic liquid aqueous solution as reaction medium at room temperature. The products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), specific surface area analysis, energy spectroscopy(EDS), Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy(TEM), respectively. The results show that the prepared product has hexagonal wurtzite structure with high purity, the average particle diameter is 20.4 nm, the size of pompon-like structure is about 1.6—3.0 μm and the BET surface area is 28.3 m²/g. When the concentration of the reactant was fixed, micro/nano ZnO with similar morphologies was synthesized using different dosages of ionic liquid, and with increase of the ionic liquid dosage, the size distribution of particles became more uniform. When the ionic liquid concentration was fixed, the morphology of product changed gradually with the decrease of the reactant concentration. Under the induction of Glu-BF₄ ionic liquid, ZnO crystal grains firstly formed irregular nanosheets, then those nanosheets further aggregated to form the pompon-like powder in certain range of reactants concentration. Only the core part of the pompon-like powder was synthesized when the reactants concentration was relatively lower, while the nano-array morphologies were generated at higher reactant concentrations. In addition, the growth mechanism of micro/nano ZnO powder induced by Glu-BF₄ ionic liquid aqueous solution under strong alkaline condition was discussed via morphology change tendency of nano ZnO powder under different conditions.

Key words: Glu-BF4 ionic liquid, Microwave assisted heating, Micro/nano ZnO, Formation mechanism

CLC Number:

O614.24
O643

TrendMD:

TONG Laga, REN Guangsheng, DANG Xiaofeng, LIN Shijing, RONG Hua. Induced Growth of Micro/nano ZnO Powder via Glu-BF₄Ionic Liquid Aqueous Solution^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2016, 37(11): 1939.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 SEM images of nano-ZnO without(A) and with 0.06 mol/L Glu-BF4 ionic liquid(B)

Fig.2 XRD patterns of ZnO nano-needles(a) and nano-pompons(b)

Fig.3 EDS diagram of nano-ZnO pompons

Fig.4 Raman spectra of nano-ZnO pompons(A) and nano-ZnO needles(B)

Fig.5 TG-DTA curves of nano-ZnO pompons

Fig.6 SEM image of nano-ZnO pompons after calcination at 1000 ℃ for 5 h

Fig.7 SEM images of ZnO nanostructures obtained using different concentrations of Glu-BF4 ionic liquid (A) 0.5 g(0.02 mol/L); (B) 1.0 g(0.04 mol/L); (C) 2.0 g(0.08 mol/L); (D) 3.0 g(0.12 mol/L).

Fig.8 SEM images of ZnO nanostructures obtained with different concentrations of reactants(A) c(NaOH)=0.75 mol/L, c[Zn(OAc)2·2H2O]=0.125 mol/L; (B) c(NaOH)=0.5 mol/L, c[Zn(OAc)2·2H2O]=0.083 mol/L; (C) c(NaOH)=0.38 mol/L, c[Zn(OAc)2·2H2O]=0.063 mol/L; (D) c(NaOH)=3.0 mol/L, c[Zn(OAc)2·2H2O]=0.5 mol/L.

Fig.9 XRD patterns of the products obtained with different concentrations of reactantsa. c(NaOH)=0.75 mol/L, c[Zn(OAc)2·2H2O]=0.125 mol/L; b. c(NaOH)=0.5 mol/L, c[Zn(OAc)2·2H2O]=0.083 mol/L; c. c(NaOH)=0.38 mol/L, c[Zn(OAc)2·2H2O]=0.063 mol/L.

Fig.10 TEM(A, C) and HRTEM(B, D) images of nano-ZnO needles(A, B) and nano-ZnO pompons(C, D)Insets of (A) and (C): SAED images of nano-ZnO needles and nano-ZnO pompons, respectively.

Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the proposed formation processes of the basic ZnO structures

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Induced Growth of Micro/nano ZnO Powder via Glu-BF₄Ionic Liquid Aqueous Solution^†

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